DM & Endocrine Drugs

Question 1

Metformin

Answer 1

Class: Biguanide
MoA:
Dose:
Use:
SE: lactic acidosis
Contraindication: severe LD/KD

Question 2

Gliclazide

Answer 2

Class: Sulphonylurea
MoA: bind to ATP-dept K+ch on B-cells
Dose:
Use:
SE: WG, hypos
Contraindication:

Question 3

Sitagliptin

Answer 3

Class: DPP-4 inhibitor
MoA:
Dose:
SE:
Contraindication:

Question 4

Metyrapone, Ketoconazole

Answer 4

Class: Steroid inhibitors (cortisol, aldosterone)
MoA:
Indication: Cushing’s disease
Dose:
SE: headache, dizziness, N+V
Contraindication:

Question 5

Empagliflozin

Answer 5

Class: SGLT2 inhibitors
MoA:
Indication:
Dose:
SE: UTI risk
Contraindication:

Question 6

Pioglitazone

Answer 6

Class: Thiazolidindione
MoA:
Indication:
Dose:
SE: Increased risk of fractures, hepatotoxicity, bladder cancer, fluid retention, WG
Contraindication:

Question 7

Hydrocortisone

Answer 7

Class: corticosteroids
MoA:
Indication:
Dose:
SE: mania, psychosis, intracranial hypertension, cataracts, avascular necrosis of femoral head, osteoporosis, peptic ulceration, WG, fluid retention, hyperlipidaemia
Contraindication:

Question 8

Pegvisomant

Answer 8

Class:
MoA:
Indication: acromegaly
Dose:
SE:
Contraindication:

Question 9

Octreotide

Answer 9

Class:
MoA:
Indication: acromegaly
Dose:
SE: impaired stimulated release of CCK, gastrin, insulin, & pancreatic polypeptide
Contraindication:

Question 10

Octreotide

Answer 10

Class:
MoA:
Indication:
Dose:
SE:
Contraindication:

Question 11

Carbimazole (CMZ), Propylthiouracil (PTU)

Answer 11

Class: thionamides
MoA:
Dose: (block and replace or titrate)
Use: hyperthyroidism
SEs:
Contraindication: 1st trimester pregnancies (PTU less teratogenic)