DM

Question 1

at what age do we start to screen T2DM?

Answer 1

40, use FBG or A1C

Question 2

What do you need to know for metformin

Answer 2

first line pharmacologic treatment for T2DM, it works to increase insulin sensitivity and also works at liver (ETC complex) to reduce lipid synthesis and gluconeogenesis.

common side effects: GI upset, lactate acidosis (rare)

contraindications: liver or kidney disease

Question 3

How does sulfonylurea do to treatment T2DM?

Answer 3

secretagogue, force beta cells to release insulin

side effects: hypoglycaemia + weight gain

Question 4

what to look for in ophthalmoscopy to exam diabetic retinopathy?

Answer 4

small hemorrhages and cotton wool sign, (moderate)

vascular tortuosity (severe!)