DKA vs. HHNS

Question 1

Can occur in type 1 or type 2; most common in T1DM

Answer 1

DKA

Question 2

Can occur in type 1 or type 2; most common T2DM; especially older pt with T2DM

Answer 2

HHNS

Question 3

Omission of insulin; Physiologic stress (infection, surgery, stroke, MI)

Answer 3

DKA

Question 4

Physiologic stress (infection, surgery, stroke, MI)

Answer 4

HHNS

Question 5

Onset: rapid (<72hrs)

Answer 5

DKA

Question 6

Onset: slower (over several days)

Answer 6

HHNS

Question 7

Blood Glucose Level:

usually >250mg/dl (>13.9mmol/L)

Answer 7

DKA

Question 8

Blood Glucose Level:

Usually >600mg/dl (>33.3mmol/L)

Answer 8

HHNS

Question 9

Arterial pH level: <7.3

Answer 9

DKA

Question 10

Arterial pH level: normal

Answer 10

HHNS

Question 11

Serum and Urine Ketones: (+)

Answer 11

DKA

Question 12

Serum Osmolality: 300-350mOsm/L

Answer 12

DKA

Question 12

Serum and Urine Ketones: (-)

Answer 12

HHNS

Question 13

Serum Osmolality: >350mOsm/L

Answer 13

HHNS

Question 14

Plasma bicarbonate: Normal

Answer 14

HHNS

Question 14

Plasma bicarbonate: <15mEq/L

Answer 14

DKA

Question 15

BUN and Creatinine: elevated

Answer 15

DKA and HHNS

Question 16

Mortality rate: 1% - 5%

Answer 16

DKA

Question 17

Mortality rate: 10% - 20%

Answer 17

HHNS