DKA + Hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state Flashcards
how much fluid should be given STAT in DKA?
what rate should insulin be given in DKA?
In what ratios should the patient be given short vs long acting insulin when switched to a basal bolus regime in DKA.
three diagnostic criteria of DKA?
which electrolyte is it especially important to monitor in DKA?
patient has DKA, glucose is high, sodium is low. you suspect psuedohyponatraemia, what measurement would confirm this?
if a child is in DKA shock, how large should their fluid boluses be?
whilst treating a patient for DKA, they develop a headache. What should you do?
what causes ketone production in DKA?
what happens to serum potassium and total body potassium in DKA?
- serum potassium = normal
- total body potassium = low (due to vomiting and insensible losses)
when serum potassium is normal in DKA, what level of potassium replacement is recommended?
20mmol/h
how fast is the onset of HHS?
three diagnostic criteria of HHS?
what rate do you give saline initially in the treatment of HHS?
after the first hour, what rate do you give saline in treatment of HHS?
what are the three key treatments for HHS?
you’ve given fluids and insulin to a patient with HHS, what other drug should you think about giving?
why do you not get ketosis in HHS and therefore which diabetes is it primarily associated with?
what’s the mortality rate of HHS?
how does hyperglycaemia lead to dehydration?
