Dizziness

Question 1

BPPB: category, pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria

Answer 1

vertigo

loose otolith in semicircular canals causing a false sense of motion

positive findings with Dix-Hallpike maneuver
Episodic vertigo without hearing loss

Question 2

Meniere disease: category, pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria

Answer 2

vertigo

increased endolymphatic fluic in inner ear

episodic vertigo, hearing loss

Question 3

Vestibular migraine (migrainous vertigo)

Answer 3

vertigo

uncertain cause, one hypothesis is the trigeminal nerve stimulation causes nystagmus in persons with migraine

episodic vertigo, signs of migraine, photophobia, phonophobia, during at least two episodes of vertigo

Question 4

Labyrinthitis

Answer 4

persistent vertigo

hearing loss

Question 5

orthostatic hypotension

Answer 5

presyncope

drop in blood pressure on position change causing decreased blood flow to the brain
adverse effect of multiple medications

Question 6

Parkins disease

Answer 6

disequilibrium

dysfunction in gait causing imbalance and falls

shuffling gait with reduced arm swing and possible hesitation