Division And Differentation Flashcards
1
Q
What are somatic cells?
A
- any body cells other than those involved in reproduction
2
Q
What do somatic cells divide by?
A
- mitosis
3
Q
What are germline cells?
A
- gametes
- stem cells that divide to form gametes
4
Q
What do germline cells divide by?
A
- mitosis and meiosis
5
Q
Where are germline cells found?
A
- testes and ovaries
6
Q
Why do germline cells divide by mitosis?
A
- to form germline stem cells
7
Q
Why do gametes divide by meiosis?
A
- to produce haploid gametes
8
Q
What is cellular differentiation?
A
- the process by which a cell develops more specialised functions.
9
Q
What are stem cells?
A
- undifferentiated somatic cells
10
Q
What are the 2 properties of stem cells?
A
- self renewing
- differentiate into specialised cells
11
Q
What are the 2 types of stem cells?
A
- embryonic
- tissue
12
Q
What are therapeutic uses of stem cells?
A
- regeneration of damaged skin (skin graphs)
- corneal repairs
13
Q
What are the research uses of stem cells?
A
- study how diseases develop
- test drugs on them
14
Q
What are the ethical uses surrounding embryonic stem cells?
A
- their use can offer effective treatments for diseases and injury but it involves the destruction of embryos
15
Q
What is cancer caused by?
A
- uncontrolled mitosis of cells causing a tumour
