Diversity Of Life

Question 1

Antheridium:

Answer 1

Structure in certain plants, algae, and fungi that produces and releases male reproductive cells, such as sperm or male gametes.

Question 2

Archegonium:

Answer 2

Reproductive organ found in some plants, algae, and fungi. It produces and houses the female gametes and is involved with the process of sexual reproduction.

Question 3

Conjugation:

Answer 3

Exchange of genetic material between 2 organisms.

Question 4

Charophyte:

Answer 4

Group of green algae which are the closest relatives to land plants. They mostly inhabit freshwater habitats.

Question 5

Dikaryotic:

Answer 5

During the dikaryotic stage, the cells contain 2 distinct nuclei, each originating from a different parent (important for formation of diploid cell).

Question 6

Diploid:

Answer 6

Cell or organism that has 2 sets of chromosomes, one from each parent.

Question 7

Embryophyte:

Answer 7

Plants that have a multicellular, dependent embryo that is retained within the tidies of the parent plant.

Question 8

Gametangium:

Answer 8

Structure/organ in which gametes are produced and protected

Question 9

Gamete:

Answer 9

Reproductive cell with half the usual number of chromosomes representing either the male or female contribution in sexual reproduction

Question 10

Gametophyte:

Answer 10

Haploid, gamete-producing phase in life cycle of organisms (having cells with one set of chromosomes).

Question 11

Haploid:

Answer 11

Cell or organism that only has one set of chromosomes; has half the usual number of chromosomes found in other cells.

Question 12

Hypha:

Answer 12

Thread-like structure that makes up the basic unit of vegetative part of a fungus. They are responsible for nutrient absorption and can grow, branch, and intertwine to explore and exploit their environment for nutrients

Question 13

Mycelium:

Answer 13

Vegetative part of fungus; consisting of a network of hyphae

Question 14

Rhizoid:

Answer 14

Filamentous structure in some non-vascular plants, algae, and certain bacteria. They are structures for anchorage and absorption of water and nutrients (thread-like extensions from the lower part of plant, aiding in attachment to surfaces and enhancing surface area for absorption).

Question 15

Seed:

Answer 15

Fertilized ovule containing an embryonic plant along with a food reserve and a protective seed coat.

Question 16

Sorus:

Answer 16

Cluster of spore-producing structures found on the underside of fern fronds. Small groups of dots/bumps and is where ferns release spores.

Question 17

Sporangium:

Answer 17

Structure that produces and holds spores.

Question 18

Spore:

Answer 18

Reproductive unit that can develop in a new organism.

Question 19

Zygote:

Answer 19

Diploid cell that forms when two gametes fuse during fertilization

Question 20

Zygosporangium:

Answer 20

Structure formed during sexual reproduction where the nuclei of two different mating strains fuse to form a zygospore. This spore can wait until conditions are right to grow into a new organism.