Diversity of Life

Question 1

What are the characteristics of life?

Answer 1

Cellular organisation, Reproduction, Metabolism, Homeostasis, Heredity, Response to Stimuli, Growth and Development, Adaption through Evolution

Question 2

What are the requirements for natural selection?

Answer 2

Variation, Inheritance, Selection, Time

Question 3

What are the three domains for the origin of life?

Answer 3

Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya.

Question 4

What domain of life do humans fit into?

Answer 4

Eukarya

Question 5

What is the difference between Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells?

Answer 5

Eykaryotes have membrane enclosed cell organelles.

Question 6

The building blocks are:

Answer 6

amino acids, nucleotides, simple carbohydrates, glycerol, fatty acids, hydrocarbon rings

Question 7

The macromolecules are:

Answer 7

proteins, nucleic acids (DNA & RNA), polysaccharides (complex carbohydrates), lipids

Question 8

The supramolecular assemblies are:

Answer 8

membranes, ribosomes, chromatin

Question 9

The organelles are:

Answer 9

nucleus, mitochondria, Golgi, Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Question 10

What are the higher order structures that make up biological molecules

Answer 10

Building blocks, macromolecules, supramolecular assemblies, organelles

Question 11

What are macromolecules?

Answer 11

Organic biological molecules that are necessary for life. It is a polymer of building blocks. However, there are some that are just big things not made of smaller building blocks

Question 12

What are the four levels of carbohydrates

Answer 12

Monosaccarides, Disacchariedes, Oligosaccharides, Polysaccharides

Question 13

Monosaccharides and Disaccharides have examples such as…

Answer 13

Sugar

Question 14

What are the two types of monosaccharides?

Answer 14

Hexose Monosaccharides and Pentose Monosaccharides

Question 15

What are monosaccharides?

Answer 15

The single unit building blocks of carbohydrates

Question 16

What are disaccharides?

Answer 16

Two monosaccharides joined together

Question 17

What are polysaccharides?

Answer 17

More than 10 monosaccharides joined together

Question 18

What are oligosaccharides?

Answer 18

3-10 monosaccharides linked together

Question 19

What are the functions of carbohydrates?

Answer 19

Recognition, Energy Storage, Structure

Question 20

What can carbohydrates recognise?

Answer 20

Bacterium, Antibodies, Other Cells, Toxin, Proteins, Virus’s

Question 21

Cellulose is what?

Answer 21

A plant carbohydrate that provides structure

Question 22

How many rings does a purine base have?

Answer 22

2

Question 23

How many rings does a pyrimidine have?

Answer 23

1

Question 24

What makes up a nucleotide?

Answer 24

Base, Phosphate and Ribose sugar

Question 25

What are the common bases in DNA

Answer 25

Thymine, Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine

Question 26

What are the common bases in RNA

Answer 26

Uracil, Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine

Question 27

How many amino acids are there?

Answer 27

20

Question 28

Proteins are polymers of what?

Answer 28

Amino Acids

Question 29

Proteins are what?

Answer 29

Molecules by which cells perform their functions in the whole organism

Question 30

What does an amino acid look like structurally?

Answer 30

Amine (NH2), Carboxylic acid (CHOOH), a Hydrogen and R group (the thing that makes the 20 amino acids different) all around a central carbon atom

Question 31

What is the function of macromolecules in our body?

Answer 31

To do things (the doers, action molecules). However, not all of them move to do their fuction. Like a table, it has a role but can be stationary to do it.

Question 32

Proteins perform a wide variety of biological functions. What are they? There's 8.

Answer 32

Structural, Regulatory, Contractile, Trasport, Storage, Protective, Catalytic, Toxic.

Question 33

What defines a Lipid?

Answer 33

It is hydrophobic (does NOT mix with water), Heterogenous and NOT a polymer. They also have a big and chunky shape (but that's not a defining trait)

Question 34

What are the functions of lipids?

Answer 34

Structural, Regulatory, Energy.

Question 35

What are the two types of lipids

Answer 35

Fats and oils. They are the energy

Question 36

What are two energy storage polysaccharides?

Answer 36

Starch and Glycogen

Question 37

Glycogen is a carbohydrate for who?

Answer 37

Animals

Question 38

Which lipid(s) can be found in cell membranes

Answer 38

Phospholipid and Cholestrol