Diversity in Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya

Question 1

Three Domains (not sure)

Answer 1

Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya

Question 2

Cell types (according to cell structure)

Answer 2

Prokaryotic (simple cells; lacks nucleus), Eukaryotic (has nucleus and other structures)

Question 3

Cell types (according to number of cells)

Answer 3

Unicellular, Multicellular, and Colony

Question 4

Difference between multicellular and colony

Answer 4

Multicellular cannot live on its own while colony can

Question 5

Cell types according to way of getting nutrition

Answer 5

Autotrophic (makes its own food) and Heterotrophic (eats other organism)

Question 6

Material excreted by cell; external to plasma membrane; chemical composition varies by kingdom

Answer 6

Cell Wall

Question 7

Description about Domain Bacteria

Answer 7

Prokaryotic; Unicellular or Colonial; Autotrophic; Has Cell Wall; Reproduce through Cell Division; Decompose dead bodies and cause diseases

Question 8

Bacterial Shapes

Answer 8

Spherical/Coccus; Rod-Shaped/Bacillus; Spiral-Shaped/Spirillium

Question 9

Description about Domain Archaea

Answer 9

Formerly known as archaebacteria; prokaryotic; lives in extreme conditions; best known as extremophiles; evolutionary bacteria; can’t live in normal conditions

Question 10

Description about Domain Eukarya, Kingdom Protista

Answer 10

Eukaryotic; unicellular and colonial; cell wall is optional; known as troublemaker because its classification is not precise; not monophylitic; can be hetero- or autotrophic; multicellular protists lack specialized tissues

Question 11

Description about Domain Eukarya, Kingdom Fungi

Answer 11

multicellular; eukaryotic; heterotrophic (decomposers); has cell wall

Question 12

Several phyla of fungi

Answer 12

yeast, mushroom, puffballs, rusts, bread mold, bracket fungus, ring worm

Question 13

Description about Eukarya-Plantae

Answer 13

Eukaryotic; multicellular; autotrophic; Cell wall: cellulose; divided into: algae, primitive land plants, vascular plants

Question 14

Description about Algae

Answer 14

thin body, eukaryotic, unicellular/colonial, photosyntheitc, no vascular tissues, lives in water

Question 15

Enables bacteria to resist those that destroy it

Answer 15

Peptidoglycan

Question 16

sexual reproduction of bacteria; transfer of genetic material

Answer 16

bacterial conjugation

Question 17

asexual reproduction of bacteria

Answer 17

binary fission

Question 18

Bacteria that thrive in extreme conditions

Answer 18

extremophiles

Question 19

types of extremophiles

Answer 19

thermophiles (60-80 degrees Celsius), acidophiles (ph 3 and below), xerophiles (extremely dry conditions), halophiles (extremely high concentration of salt)

Question 20

types of bacteria

Answer 20

gram-positive (thick peptidoglycon) and gram-negative (thin peptidoglycon)

Question 21

characterization of protista

Answer 21

mode of locomotion (flagella, cilia), mode of nutrition (auto- and heterotrophic), body form (uni- and multicellular), pigmentation (red, green, brown), reproduction (asexual, sexual)

Question 22

Examples of unicellular protista

Answer 22

paramecium, volvox, amoeba, dinoflagelates

Question 23

locomotion is pseudopodia

Answer 23

paramecium

Question 24

travel in colonies

Answer 24

volvox

Question 25

considered protists because they don’t have vascular tissues

Answer 25

kelps and seaweeds

Question 26

study of fungi

Answer 26

mycology

Question 27

number of species for fungi

Answer 27

1.5 million

Question 28

description about fungi

Answer 28

important decomposers; includes many disease-causing organism; important symbionts and fermenting organisms; heterotrophic; cell walls are composed of chitin; consists of hyphae (long slender filaments)

Question 29

two kinds of cell wall

Answer 29

hyphae and mycelium