Diversity in Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya Flashcards
Three Domains (not sure)
Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya
Cell types (according to cell structure)
Prokaryotic (simple cells; lacks nucleus), Eukaryotic (has nucleus and other structures)
Cell types (according to number of cells)
Unicellular, Multicellular, and Colony
Difference between multicellular and colony
Multicellular cannot live on its own while colony can
Cell types according to way of getting nutrition
Autotrophic (makes its own food) and Heterotrophic (eats other organism)
Material excreted by cell; external to plasma membrane; chemical composition varies by kingdom
Cell Wall
Description about Domain Bacteria
Prokaryotic; Unicellular or Colonial; Autotrophic; Has Cell Wall; Reproduce through Cell Division; Decompose dead bodies and cause diseases
Bacterial Shapes
Spherical/Coccus; Rod-Shaped/Bacillus; Spiral-Shaped/Spirillium
Description about Domain Archaea
Formerly known as archaebacteria; prokaryotic; lives in extreme conditions; best known as extremophiles; evolutionary bacteria; can’t live in normal conditions
Description about Domain Eukarya, Kingdom Protista
Eukaryotic; unicellular and colonial; cell wall is optional; known as troublemaker because its classification is not precise; not monophylitic; can be hetero- or autotrophic; multicellular protists lack specialized tissues
Description about Domain Eukarya, Kingdom Fungi
multicellular; eukaryotic; heterotrophic (decomposers); has cell wall
Several phyla of fungi
yeast, mushroom, puffballs, rusts, bread mold, bracket fungus, ring worm
Description about Eukarya-Plantae
Eukaryotic; multicellular; autotrophic; Cell wall: cellulose; divided into: algae, primitive land plants, vascular plants
Description about Algae
thin body, eukaryotic, unicellular/colonial, photosyntheitc, no vascular tissues, lives in water
Enables bacteria to resist those that destroy it
Peptidoglycan
sexual reproduction of bacteria; transfer of genetic material
bacterial conjugation
asexual reproduction of bacteria
binary fission
Bacteria that thrive in extreme conditions
extremophiles
types of extremophiles
thermophiles (60-80 degrees Celsius), acidophiles (ph 3 and below), xerophiles (extremely dry conditions), halophiles (extremely high concentration of salt)
types of bacteria
gram-positive (thick peptidoglycon) and gram-negative (thin peptidoglycon)
characterization of protista
mode of locomotion (flagella, cilia), mode of nutrition (auto- and heterotrophic), body form (uni- and multicellular), pigmentation (red, green, brown), reproduction (asexual, sexual)
Examples of unicellular protista
paramecium, volvox, amoeba, dinoflagelates
locomotion is pseudopodia
paramecium
travel in colonies
volvox
considered protists because they don’t have vascular tissues
kelps and seaweeds
study of fungi
mycology
number of species for fungi
1.5 million
description about fungi
important decomposers; includes many disease-causing organism; important symbionts and fermenting organisms; heterotrophic; cell walls are composed of chitin; consists of hyphae (long slender filaments)
two kinds of cell wall
hyphae and mycelium
