Diversity Flashcards
What is a virus
A virus is a structure containing assignment of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protective protein coat I cannot live independently outside of cells
Prokaryotic differences
They were typically Uni cellular, they do they reproduce asexually, they don’t have any membrane bound organelles, their DNA is circular and does not surrounded by a membrane, they are usually anaerobic, they don’t do meiosis or mitosis to duplicate
Eucaryotic differences
Do you need a nucleus bound by membrane, cell division by mitosis in Miodis, Sexual reproduction, usually multicellular, has mitochondria and other membrane-bound organelle’s, most are aerobic
Why are viruses not living
They are dormant outside of a cell, they are not cellular or have any organelles, they have to infect a cell so to reproduce and survive.
What is the lytic cycle
It is the cycle in which a virus infects a host cell and uses its machinery and the sales materials to replicate itself to create more copies.
What is the lysogenic cycle
It is a process in which the viral DNA becomes a part of host DNA permanently the viral DNA may stay dormant by later activate and instruct the host cell to produce more viruses.
What’s a retrovirus
A virus that has an ability to take its DNA and combine it with the hosts DNA. And enter the lysogenic cycle. It uses and enzyme called reverse transcriptase do you turn the RNA into DNA.
What is a provirus
It is the part of the host chromosome that has been infected by the viral DNA. A provirus can invade his cell but does not kill it
Bacteria shapes
Rod shaped bacilli, sphere shaped cocci,Spiral spirochettes
What do you call individual sales group together bacteria
Aggregations
Where is that bacteria and Arcadia obtain energy
Photosynthesis, consuming other organisms, and in organic compounds such as hydrogen sulphide or iron
Metabolism unique to archaea explain
Methanogenisis - last stages of decomposition. Done in the digestive tracts of animals . Byproduct ch4(methane)
Metabolism unique to bacteria explain
Some bacteria are photosynthetic, these bacteria are called cyanobacteria do use solar energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugar and oxygen these bacteria are down in fresh and salt water and make up a lot of the oxygen we have on earth
How do prokaryotes replicate
Be replicated by binary fission and conjugation
What is binary fission
Binary fission is the process in which prokaryotes replicate it is it asexual process. The cell divides into two genetically identical cells. Dissolve grows, it makes a copy of it original single chromosome, when the soul reaches a certain size it elongates,And forms a partition called a septum between the two chromosomes to create a genetically identical cells.
What is conjugation
ThisHappens in unfavourable conditions want to sell links to another so using a pilot and exchanges part of or all its DNA with another cell it’s a type of sexual reproduction The thing the exchange is called a plasmid .
What are plasmids
Plasmids all loops of DNA that separate from the main chromosomes contain genes the jeans are different from the ones down in the chromosome plasmid can split from the chromosome and rejoin it.
Definition of binomial nomenclature
The system of giving it to word Latin name to each species the first part is the genius and the second part is the species
How is binomial nomenclature written when typed
Italicized and the genus name is capital but the species name is Lower case
How do you write binomial nomenclature
Both parts are underlined
List all ranks
Domine kingdom phylum class order family genus and species
What is a phylogenetic tree
Branching diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among species
The three domains
Bacteria archaea eukarya
Six kingdoms
Animals plants fungi protists Archaea bacteria
Autotroph definition and types
An autotroph is an organism that makes it’s own Food to make its own energy, the two types are photo autotroph’s and chemo autotroph’s
Photo autotroph
Photo autotroph’s are organisms that make their food from energy to choir from the sunlight through photosynthesis
Chemo autotroph
I’ll chemoautotroph is an organism that makes it’s own food by creating energy by using inorganic substances such as hydrogen sulphide an ammonia
Heterotrophs
Heterotrophs are organisms that eat other organisms to get energyAnd nutrients
Algae prokaryotes
Brown red green, photo finder, Rhodophyta, chemophyta
