Diuretics pt. 1 (Exam III) Flashcards
Differentiate a diuretic from a natriuretic.
Diuretic = ↑ Urination
Natriuretic = ↑ Na⁺ secretion → ↑ H₂O secretion.
What’s the name of a drug that specifically targets H₂O loss?
Aquaretic
What are the end goals for diuretics in general?
↓ Blood volume = ↓ HTN
or ↓ edema
What component of our blood buffer system can be lost through diuretic use?
What can occur when imbalances of this component occur?
- HCO₃⁻
- Metabolic Acidosis/Alkalosis
What are the 5 classes of diuretics?
- Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
- Loop Diuretics
- Thiazides
- K⁺-Sparing Diuretics
- H₂O Excretion Altering Agents
How many nephrons does a normal human kidney contain?
800,000 - 1,000,000
What are the 3 prinicipal activities of nephrons in producing urine?
- Filtration
- Reabsorption
- Secretion
The Glomerulus, Bowman’s Capsule, Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT) and Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT) are all located in what major region of the kidney?
Renal Cortex
Differentiate Glomerulus and Bowman’s Capsule.
- Glomerulus = capillary network inside Bowman’s Capsule
- Bowman’s Capsule = Nephron tissue surrounding glomerulus. (collects filtrate from glomerulus)
Where is the first space where blood “interacts” with urine and where the majority of fluid absorption into the urinary system occurs?
Glomerulus and Bowman’s Capsule
What are the components of the renal corpuscle?
Glomerulus and Bowman’s Capsule
What are the three components of the renal tubule?
- Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT)
- Loop of Henle
- Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT)
What is the name of the area where afferent and efferent arterioles enter/exit the renal corpuscle?
Vascular Pole
Dilation of afferent arterioles results in _________.
↑ GFR
What is the urinary pole?
Area where filtrate in Bowman’s Capsule enters the PCT.
The capillary networks that wraps around the PCT and DCT is called what?
Peritubular Capillaries
The capillary network that wraps around the Loop of Henle is known as what?
Vasa Recta
How much of our urinary filtrate is produced in the Bowman’s Capsule?
100%
How much of filtrate is reabsorbed in the PCT?
80%
How much of filtrate is reabsorbed in the Loop of Henle?
6%