Diuretics

Question 1

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors example

Answer 1

Acetazolamide

Question 2

CA inhibitor MOA

Answer 2

Acts on PCT

Inhibits CA to inhibit sodium + bicarb reabsorption

Question 3

CA inhibitor clinical use

Answer 3

Mountain sickness

Glaucoma

Question 4

CA inhibitor SEs

Answer 4

Metabolic acidosis

Bone marrow suspension

Question 5

Loop diuretic example

Answer 5

Furosemide

Bumetanide

Question 6

Loop diuretic MOA

Answer 6

Thick ascending loop of henle

Inhibits NaCl transporter to prevent Na+ absorption (also increases Ca2+ absorption)

Question 7

Loop diuretic clinical use

Answer 7

Hypertension

Question 8

Loop diuretic SEs

Answer 8

Hypokalaemia
Hypercalcaemia
Hyponatraemia
Hyperglycaemia
Hypercholesterolaemia
Impotence

Question 9

Potassium sparing diuretics

Answer 9

ENaC antagonists

Aldosterone antagonists

Question 10

ENaC antagonist example

Answer 10

Amiloride

Triamterene

Question 11

ENaC antagonist MOA

Answer 11

Distal DCT

Blocks ENaC to reduce sodium absorption

Question 12

ENaC antagonist clinical use

Answer 12

HF
Hypokalaemia
Cirrhosis

Question 13

ENaC SEs

Answer 13

Hyperkalaemia

Hyponatraemia

Question 14

Aldosterone antagonists example

Answer 14

Spironolactone

Eplenerone

Question 15

Aldosterone antagonist MOA

Answer 15

Distal DCT

Blocks Na/K ATPase to reduce drive in Na absorption through ENaC

Question 16

Aldosterone antagonist Clinical use

Answer 16

Conn’s syndrome
HF
Hypokalaemia
Cirrhosis

Question 17

Aldosterone antagonist SEs

Answer 17

Hyperkalaemia
Hyponatraemia
Gynaecomastia

Question 18

Osmotic diuretics MOA

Answer 18

Entire nephron

Keep more water in renal tubules

Question 19

Osmotic diuretics clinical use

Answer 19

Cerebral oedema

Oliguric acute renal failure

Question 20

Osmotic diuretics SEs

Answer 20

Pulmonary oedema