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Pharm 3 > Diuretics > Flashcards

Diuretics Flashcards

1
Q

Main determinant of ECF volume?

A

Na

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2
Q

Acetazolamide

A 
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor at PT
Urine: alkali d/t HCO3
Plasma: dec HCO3, Cl
Tx: mountain, intraocular, alkalosis
AE: renal stones, cross sens sulfonamides
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3
Q

Furosemide (Lasix)

A 
Loop diuretic
Na/K/2Cl at TALH
Urine: inc excretion of all
Tx: edema, HTN (esp in CHF)
AE: arrhythmia, hypotension, ototoxic, gout
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4
Q

Ethacrynic acid

A

Loop diuretic

Na/K/2Cl at TALH

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5
Q

Bumetanide

A

Loop diuretic

Na/K/2Cl at TALH

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6
Q

Which type of diuretics are best for decreasing blood volume?

A

Loop diuretics

Furosemide, ethacrynic acid, bumetanide

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7
Q

Which diuretics are K+ wasting and have AE of hypokalemia?

A

Loop diuretics

Thiazide diuretics

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8
Q

HCTZ

A

Thiazide diuretic
Na/Cl at DCT
Urine: dec Ca excretion
Tx: HTN, CHF, hypercalciuria, nephrogenic DI
AE: hypercalcemia, hyperglycemia/lipidemia

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9
Q

Which K+ wasting diuretics abolish the osmotic gradient and which do not?

A

Abolish: loops

Don’t abolish: thiazide

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10
Q

Which diuretics are considered “calcium sparing”?

A

thiazides

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11
Q

Chlorthalidone

A

Thiazide diuretic

NaCl at DCT

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12
Q

Indapamide

A

Thiazide diuretic

NaCl at DCT

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13
Q

Amiloride

A

ENaC inhibitor at late DCT/CD
K sparing (hyperk)
Given w/ thiazides or loops
Works w/o aldosterone

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14
Q

Triamterene

A

ENaC inhibitor at DCT/CD

K sparing

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15
Q

Spironolactone

A

Aldosterone antag at late DCT/CD
K sparing (hyperk)
Given w/ loop or thiazide
Gynecomastia

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16
Q

Eplerenone

A

Aldosterone antag at late DCT/CD

K sparing

17
Q

Mannitol

A 
Osmotic diuretic
Inc osmolality, ECF, RBF
Urine: inc Mg
Plasma: hypo then hypernatremia 
Tx: reduce intracranial and ocular pressure
AE: edema, CHF, hyperk (chronic)
18
Q

Isosorbide

A

Osmotic diuretic

19
Q

Which is the only diuretic to increase RBF?

A

Osmotic (and loop)

20
Q

Which diuretic decreases RBF?

A

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

21
Q

Tolvaptan

A

Vasopressin/ADH antag
Works at V2 ADH receptors in CD
Tx for SIADH
AE: hypernatremia

Pharm 3 (7 decks)

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