DIT Renal 4. Glomerular Pathology Flashcards
What are the defining features of nephritic syndrome?
Hematuria RBC casts in urine HTN Mild proteinuria (<3.5 gm/day) Azotemia Oliguria
Why is it important to treat Strep throat in children or in those that could transmit Strep pyogenes to a child?
to avoid Rheumatic fever
What are the 3 glomerular disorders that use up C3 –>
- poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
- lupus nephritis
- type II membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
What is the defining features of nephrotic syndrome?
Marked proteinuria (> 3.5gm/day = frothy urine)
Hyperlipidemia
Fatty casts
Edema
Associated with increased risk of infection and thromboembolism
granular pattern of immune complex deposition; LM: hypercellular glomeruli
acute post-strep glomerulonephritis
linear pattern of immune complex deposition
Goodpasture Syndrome
deposition of IgG, IgM, IgA, and C3 in the mesangium
IgA nephropathy (Berger’s disease)
anti-GBM antibodies, hematuria, hemoptysis
Goodpasture syndrome
nephritis, deafness, cataracts
Alport Syndrome
A 4 yo boy presents with facial edema and proteinuria. What is the appropriate treatment?
minimal change disease
tx: corticosteroids
crescent formation in the glomeruli
Rapid Proliferative (crescentic) Glomerulonephritis
wire-loop apperance
SLE
most common nephrotic syndrome in children
minimal change disease
LM: diffuse capillary thickening
membranous glomerulonephritis
Kimmelstiel-Wilson lesions (nodular glomerulosclerosis)
diabetic glomerulonephropathy
most common nephrotic syndrome in adults
focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
EM: loss of epithelial foot processes
minimal change disease
Nephrotic syndrome associated with Hep B
type I membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis
Nephrotic syndrome associated with HIV
focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
EM: subendothelial humps and tram-track appearance
Type I membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis
LM: segmental sclerosis and hyalinosis
focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
purpura on back of arms and legs, abdominal pain, IgA nephropathy
Henoch-Schonlein Purpura
apple-green birefringence with Congo-red stain under polarized light
Renal Amyloidosis
EM: spiking of the GBM due to electron dense subepithelial deposits
type II membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis
Glomerular histology reveals multiple mesangial nodules. This lesion is indicative of what disease?
Diabetic Glomerulonephropathy
A teenager presents with nephrotic syndrome and hearing loss. What is the disease?
Alport Syndrome
