Disturbance of behavior

Question 1

the complaints with which a patient presents to the clinician

Answer 1

Symptoms

Question 2

the ones which the clinician obtains on examination of the patient

Answer 2

Signs

Question 3

Signs and symptom categories

Answer 3

1. Behavior
2. Mood and Affect
3. Talk
4. Thinking
5. Perception
6. Memory
7. Orientation
8. Attention and Concentration
9. Abstraction
   10.Inteligence
   11.Insight

Question 4

the patient is moving around, moving his limbs and head, wrinkling his fingers and cannot stay for some time in one place. This sign is found in many psychiatric disorders e.g. mania, agitated depression, some cases of schizophrenia

Answer 4

Agitation

Question 5

Excess motor activity

Answer 5

a. agitation
b. restlesness
c. excitement
d. Difference between manic and catatonic schizophrenic excitement

Question 6

Diminished Motor activity

Answer 6

a. Partial retardation of motor activity
b. Complete suppression of motor activity

Question 7

Fields of Mental Functions

Answer 7

Behavior
Intellect
Affect

Question 8

the patient feels inner tension with some agitation and cannot standstill. On sitting he sits on the edge of the chair and moves his body parts like arms, head and neck. This condition found mainly in anxiety, and akathisia, also in some psychotic state. The differentiation between restlessness and agitation may be difficult but in restlessness the condition usually not desired by the patient i.e. out of his control but agitation is usually are action to the thoughts of the patient.

Answer 8

Restlessness

Question 9

occurs in primary psychiatric disorders e.g. mania and schizophrenia and in organic mental disorders e.g. drug addiction and temporal lobe epilepsy.

Answer 9

Excitement

Question 10

Occurs mainly’ in response to environmental stimuli

Accompanied with cheerful or irritable mood

Usually expected and organized

Accompanied with other manifestations of mania

Answer 10

Manic excitement

Question 11

Occurs without provocation. Mostly in response to delusion or hallucination

The mood is apathetic

Usually unexpected and disorganized

Accompanied with other manifestations of schizophrenia

Answer 11

Catatonic excitement

Question 12

Partial retardation of motor activity e.g. in cases of retarded depression or simple schizophrenia

Answer 12

Diminished Motor activity

Question 13

No profound disturbance of consciousness

The patient does not respond to any stimulus, neither external (question or painful stimulus), nor internal (hunger, thirst or distended bladder).

the patient is arousable but not responsive. It occurs in psychiatric disorders like depression, schizophrenia, and hysteria, or in acute organic mental disorders.

Answer 13

Complete suppression of motor activity (Stupor)

Question 14

means monotonous repetition, which may be:

In movement (e.g. touching the nose, or pacing up and down the room)

In speech (e.g. some words are repeated).

Answer 14

Stereotypy

Question 15

repeated movements, which may continue for hours or days without cessation, and are keeping with the thought (e.g. a patient with paranoia salutes repeatedly in a grandiose manner)

Answer 15

Mannerism

Question 16

denotes the repetition of the same act (a movement, a word, or a phrase in spite of the patient’s effort or desire to do a new one i.e. inability to move from one act to the next one (e.g. during a meal the patient continues to put the spoon in the plate and up to his mouth, even after the plate gets empty).

Answer 16

Perseveration

Question 17

the patient has no desire or will to perform acts.

Answer 17

Lack of initiation and reduction of spontaneous movement, lack of volition

Question 18

means automatic resistance to all stimuli.

Answer 18

Negativism

Question 19

In muscular field it may show itself as a resistance to passive movements (e.g. keeping the arm extended on trying to flex it or as opposite performances to that asked for (e.g. looking down when asked to look up).

Answer 19

Negativism

Question 20

In speech it consists of total loss of it i.e. mutism

seen also in the retention of saliva, urine and feces.

Answer 20

Negativism

Question 21

in which the patient simply oppose or resists anything he is asked to do e.g. when he is setting and is asked to stand up, he will remain setting down.

Answer 21

Resistiveness

Question 22

in contrast with negativism there is abnormal suggestibility; it shows itself as: Echopraxia and/or Echolalia

Answer 22

Automatic obedience

Question 23

repetition of actions seen (e.g. when the doctor walks the patient walks too).

Answer 23

Echopraxia

Question 24

which is repetition of words heard (e.g. when the doctor says to the patient: how are you? the patient answers: how are you?).

Answer 24

Echolalia

Question 25

(Flexibilitas cerea) which is the maintenance of imposed postures however abnormal they may be (e.g. rising-the head of the patient from the pillow, or the arm up). The absence of fatigue in such cases is remarkable.

Answer 25

Waxy flexibility

Question 26

sometimes used for any form of sustained immobility.

Answer 26

Catalepsy (posturing)

Question 27

occur in a pathological sense, without the subject being aware of their meaning and even without his being aware of their happening at all.

i) local e.g. automatic writing or
ii) general e.g. in fugue and somnambulism.

Answer 27

Automatic movements or automatism

Question 28

consist of sudden outbursts of activity with little or no provocation, such as attacking another person (bystander), or breaking a window.

Answer 28

Impulsive action or impulses

Question 29

means intention to inflect harm to the others without their permission or even their trial to avoid this harm

could be physical, verbal, or moral

Answer 29

Aggression

Question 30

body injuring

Answer 30

physical aggression

Question 31

obscene words

Answer 31

verbal aggression

Question 32

violation of social or religious norms that cause harm or embarrassment to others

Answer 32

moral aggression

Question 33

The non physical aggression is called

Answer 33

hostility