Disorders of Memory Flashcards
Disorders of Memory
- Registration
- Retention
- Recall & Recognition
Memory Disturbance
Amnesia, Paramnesia, Hypermnisia
For recent events, for remote events, circumscribed
Amnesia
Confabulation, falsification, Deja vu, jamis vu
Paramnesia
Types of Amnesia
Anterograde amnesia
Retrograde amnesia
Total amnesia
Circumscribed amnesia
when there is loss of memory for recent events.
Anterograde amnesia
when there is loss of memory for remote events.
Retrograde amnesia
when there is loss of memory for all events, recent and Remote.
Total amnesia
when there is loss of memory for a limited time (amnesic gap)
Circumscribed amnesia
when the patient fills the gaps in his memory by fabrication i.e. by giving im aginary accounts of his activities (Thus a bed ridden patient will describe a walk which he asserts he has just taken)
Confabulation
It usually occurs in organic diseases Korsakov’s syndrome which is typically seen in alcoholism).
Confabulation
when the patient adds false details and meanings to a true memory.
Falsification (illusion of memory)
It occurs in organic and psychiatric diseases (e.g. paranoid states).
Falsification (illusion of memory)
excessive memory
the patient mentions even small unnecessary details.
Hypermnesia
It is present in:
1- some normal people (geniuses)
2- some mental disorders (hypomania and paranoia).
Hypermnesia
Clinical exam of Memory
Immediate Recall
Short-term recall
Recent
Recent past
Remotes
5-7 digits or home address immediately
Immediate recall
5-7 digits or home address at 5 min
Short-term recall
what patient did past several days
Recent
what patient did past few months, present President, recent news events
Recent past
Childhood events, past Presidents, historical events (years)
Remote
may complain of poor memory because of defective registration
Anxious patient
there is failure of retention so the patient has disturbed immediate recall
Korsakoff’s syndrome
recall of recent events is disturbed.
dementia
