Distillation Flashcards
What is distillation?
Distillation is a process of separating the substances from a liquid mixture by evaporation and condensation. It is a way of purifying water.
How do you distill a salt solution?
The solution is heated and the water turns into steam. This is evaporation. The steam goes into a water condenser and it cools and forms water. This is called condensation. Distilled water is collected.
How do you test to see if a colourless liquid is water?
Water turns blue cobalt chloride paper pink.
What do you call liquids that do not mix?
Some liquids, like oil and water do not mix. They are immiscible. Liquids that do mix, like water and alcohol, are miscible.
How do you separate miscible liquids?
By fractional distillation.
What is fractional distillation?
Fractional distillation is the separation of a mixture into its component parts by their boiling point.
How do you separate water and alcohol?
When the solution is heated the alcohol boils first at 78 degrees C and the vapour goes through a column into a condenser and pure alcohol is collected. Water boils at 100 degrees C so it stays in the flask.
