Dissolution of the Soviet Union Flashcards
Hungary
When was Kader replaced by Grosv, a reformer?
March 1989
How did the Hungarian Socialist Party change?
Became western and democratic (HSP)
In ____ 19__ the HSP won less than __% of the vote
In March 1990 the HSP won less than 11% of the vote
When did the HSP form a coalition government, and with who?
1994
The Free Democrats
According to a poll in 19__, the HSP were the most ____ party in Hungary
What does this show?
According to a poll in 1996, the HSP were the most popular party in Hungary
This shows that the Hungarian Communist Party was successful in transforming into a left-wing democratic party
When was Zhivkov forced to resign after Gorbachev gabe Bulgaria the all-clear for a ‘change in direction’?
November 1989
How did the Bulgarian Communist Party try to change with the times?
Became the BSP
When did the BSP form a coalition government?
1992
When did the BSP win a narrow majority?
1994
When were the BSP rejected?
What had caused the early election?
1996-7
Response to economic crisis
In 19__, there were fears that the ‘____ of ____’ was returning to Bulgaria
What does this show?
In 1996, there were fears that the ‘ghost of Communism’ was returning to Bulgaria
The Bulgarian Communist Party had failed in the medium-term to distance itself from the legacy of Communism
What caused a series of strikes by Solidarity which led to the government recognising them as an independent trade union and entering into negotiations with them and the Catholic Church?
When?
200% inflation
1988
When were the Round Table Talks in Poland?
What did they decide?
April 1989
Solidarity a political party
New constitution established
When were the elections that saw Solidarity’s initial triumph?
Result?
June 1989
92/100 seats Upper-Sejm
160/161 could get in Lower-Sejm
When did Gorbachev make it clear he would not intervene in Poland to stop Solidarity taking a major role in government?
August 1989
When did Solidarity lead a coalition government with only 4 Comminists (and Jaruzelski as President) from?
August 1989
What triggered the loss of Soviet control of the police and the army in Poland?
Collapse of Communist rule in GDR and Czechoslovakia
When did the Polish Communist Party become the Social Democrat Party?
January 1990
When did Jaruzelski resign, and who replaced him?
November 1990
Walesa, Solidarity, new President
When did the Civic Forum of 12 opposition groups form in Czechoslovakia?
Novermber 1989
What happened in December 1989 in Czechoslovakia?
- Adamec resigned
- New government established with Communist minority
- Havel became President
How did Czechoslovakia convince the USSR to withdraw troops?
Promised to remain part of Warsaw Pact
What did Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia do when it became clear Germany would reunite?
Pushed for Warsaw Pact’s dissolution
When did Czechoslovakia become Slovakia and the Czech Republic?
1992
What 2 events contributed to Ceausescu’s fall?
Dates?
- March 1989 - ‘Letters of the Six’ criticising Ceausescu broadcast on Radio Free Europe
- Nov 1989 - Gorbachev gave consent to his fall providing Party remained dominant
What unrest triggered Ceausescu’s overthrow?
Revolts in Timisoara
December 1989 - spread to Bucharest
Army sided with the people
What happened in the aftermath of the unrest?
Ceausescu and wife fled
NSF formed from Communist Party
At Christman Ceausescu and wife shot
When did the Romanian NSF win a majority?
May 1990
When were the NSF decisively defeated by the Social Democrats?
(however what else can be said about this?)
1996
BUt Social Democrats actually made up of some former-NSF, so still kind of a victory for the old Communists?
