Disorientation, Delerium and Dementia Flashcards
Alzheimer’s Disease and related dementias
a progressive degenerative disease that gradually destroys nerve cells (neurons) in most areas of the brain and causes thinking and memory to become seriously impaired; the most common form of dementia.
Apathy
an absence of emotional feeling which appears as indifference
Apraxia
impairment of the skilled motor system , resulting in loss of being able to perform learned purposeful movements, including activities of daily living (bathing, brushing teeth, and so on).
cognitive function
brain function involving memory, thinking, reasoning, understanding, judgement, and behaviour functions of the brain.
cognitive impairment
the loss of ability to remember, think, reason, understand or live independantly
cueing
providing prompting in order to assist a client to complete a task. this prompting can be in the form of hand gestures, fascial expressions, or verbal phrases
delirium
the state of temporary mental disorientation that can occur suddenly
Dementia
A general term that describes the progressive loss of brain functions, which include cognitive and social functions. It is not a single disease but a group of illnesses that involve memory behavior learning and communication. Dimentia is categorized as being either a mild or major neurocognitive disorder depending on its symptoms
Dementia With Lewis Bodies (DLB)
One of the most common types of progressive dimentia. The central feature of DLB is progressive cognitive decline, combined with three additional defining features. 1) severe fluctuations in alertness and attention, 2) recurrent visual hallucinations, 3) Parkinson’s disease-like motor symptoms.
Disorientation
Mental confusion or an impaired ability to Recall people, Time or places as a result of (or any combination of) Physiological changes to the brain disease process or substance induced factors. also known as confusion.
Euphoria
An exaggerated or abnormal expression of physical or emotional well being that is not based on reality or truth
Gentle persuasive approaches (gpa)
A program designed to train care providers in techniques used to handle and cope respectfully effectively and safely with response of behaviors that are associated with dementia such as ahlzheimers disease. The program prepares care providers for vulnerable care situations and avoiding potential workplace injury.
Hoarding
Collecting things and putting them away in a guarded manner.
Neurocognitive disorder
A significant decline in attention, functioning, learning, memory, language, deliberate motor movement, and social functioning.
Primary Dimentia
Dimentia that does not result from any other disease
Pseudo-Dimentia
False dimentia . Occurs when severe depression causes cognitive changes that mimic dementia.
Pseudo-Dimentia
False dimentia . Occurs when severe depression causes cognitive changes that mimic dementia.
Responsive behaviors
Behaviors, gestures, actions, and words that usually originate as a response to an illness, infection, or physical discomfort
Secondary dementia
Dementia that occurs as a result of a physical disease, Ingestion of damaging substances or injury
Sundowning
A condition in which the signs, symptoms, and behaviors of dementia increase at bedtime or during hours of darkness.
Validation therapy
A type of therapy for people with dementia that focuses on empathy and advocates accepting the affected person’s perception of reality.
Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome
A brain disorder caused by lack of thiamine (vitamin b¹); It affects the nervous system, including the brain, and is usually associated with heavy alcohol consumption over a long period.
Primary Dimentias
- Alzheimer’s disease and related dimentias
- Vascular Dimentia
-Dimentia With Lewy Bodies
-Frontotemporal Degeneration Dementia
Secondary Dimentia
- Parkinson’s disease dementia
-Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
-Normal-pressure hydrocephalus
-Substance-included persisting dementia
-Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
-AIDS
-Huntingtons disease
-multiple sclerosis
-Syphilis
DIMENTIA: Stage 1 : Mild (early stage)
• May live in their own homes and receive support from family friends, volunteers, and home care workers.
• Mild forgetfulness, like forgetting recent events
• Difficulty focusing, limited attention span. Post reminders of important phone numbers and dates, and you can label things around the house, post schedules,
And keep things organized and in easy to find places.
DIMENTIA stage 2: Moderate (Middle stage)
• Memory loss increases. Provide queuing or prompting to assist a clients to complete a task. Hand gestures, facial expressions, verbal phrases.
•sleep problems may occur
• Movement may slow down
• Use simple language and repeat the message if necessary. Speak slowly and clearly.
DIMENTIA stage 3: Severe (Late stage)
• Loss of ability to remember, to communicate verbally, or to function independently.
• Inability to process information
• Severe speaking difficulties
• Severe disorientation
Inability to recognize self family members or others close to them
• In total dependence on others for all ADLs
•incontinence
•withdrawal from conversations
•nonverbal communication
• Use senses to allow the client to connect, touch, smell, vision, and hearing.
• Have clients participate in their favorite activities
• Often, refer to memorabilia around the living area
•Assist with eating meals, give lots of time to eat.
