Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

paediatrics > disorders of tooth formation > Flashcards

disorders of tooth formation Flashcards

1
Q

what may cause disorders of tooth formation?

A

-genetics
-local and systemic factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what disorders cause missing teeth?

A

-hypodontia

-anodontia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is hypodontia?

A

when teeth fail to develop- commonly permenant 8s, 5s, upper 2s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is anodontia?

A

total lack of teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

who is most likely to experience hypodontia of permanent dentition?

A

those who were missing primary teeth (30-50%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the treatment for hypodontia?

A

partial dentures
implants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what can be present with missing teeth?

A

small teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is advised for small teeth?

A

composite to shape teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what disorder is known as extra teeth?

A

supernumerary or hyperdontia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

who is more likely to experience supernumerary?

A

males 2:1 females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

people with primary supernumerary are 30-50% more likely to experience…

A

supernumerary of the permanent dentition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

where are supernumeraries more likely to appear?

A

maxilla 5:1 mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

where are supernumeraries normally found?

A

mesiodens- midline of anteriors (maxilla) or directly adjacent to midline

paramolars- buccal or palatal side of maxillary molars

distomolars- distal to maxillary 3rd molars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what may cause supernumerary?

A

idiopathic (unknown cause) but may be associated with syndromes such as cleidocranial dysplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is megadontia?

A

larger crown size than normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

who is likely to experience megadontia?

A

those with pituitary giantism where all teeth are larger than normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is microdontia?

A

smaller teeth than normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what teeth are commonly affected in microdontia?

A

-maxillary lateral incisors
-maxillary third molars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what shape are microdontia lateral incisors?

A

peg/conical shaped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what shape are microdontia 3rd molars?

A

same shape but smaller

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

who is more likely to experience microdontia?

A

females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what syndromes are more likely to be affected by microdontia?

A

-down syndrome
-ectodermal dysplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

name 3 things that may affect root size?

A

-oriental origin-smaller roots
African origin -larger roots
-Orthodontics
-irradation of jaw or chemotherapy during root formation may cause smaller roots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

who plays a role in disorders of tooth formation treatment?

A

-paediatricians
-orthodontist
-restorative dentist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what is gemination?

A

disorder that results in double teeth with one root canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what causes gemination?

A

attempt at developmental separation of single tooth germ to produce separate teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what teeth are most commonly affected by gemination?

A

anteriors and decidious teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what is tooth fusion?

A

double teeth with 2 root canals

29
Q

what causes fusion?

A

joining of two separate and adjacent tooth germs during development

30
Q

what teeth are commonly affected by fusion?

A

deciduous teeth and may happen between one tooth and a supernumerary

31
Q

define concrescence

A

-joining of two teeth by cementum at the root surface (may be with a supernumerary)

32
Q

what may cause concrescence?

A

-overcrowding
-trauma
-roots in close proximity during development

33
Q

what teeth are most commonly affected by concrescence?

A

maxillary molars

34
Q

define dilaceration

A

gross disruption of root formation- where root forms at an angle which can impede tooth eruption

35
Q

what causes dilaceration?

A

thought to be trauma to tooth germ during root development

36
Q

how is dilaceration identified?

A

radiographically

37
Q

what are invaginated teeth?

A

normal shaped teeth with an infolding on the palatal/lingual surfaces-forming deep pit of the cingulum

38
Q

what is invagination of teeth also known as?

A

dens in dente

39
Q

how is invagination seen on a radiograph?

A

pear shaped mass of enamel seen in dentine of involved tooth

40
Q

who and where is invagination most common in?

A

permanent maxillary lateral incisors
-often those with Chinese ethnicity
-males

41
Q

how do you treat invaginations?

A

-fissure seal as soon as erupted
-check vitality
-endodontic tx if pulp involved

42
Q

define evaginated teeth

A

small tubercle on occlusal surfaces of premolars in central part of fissure pattern- commonly worn down or fracture by normal wear

43
Q

what ethnic group are likely to experience evaginated teeth?

A

Chinese

44
Q

what treatment may be needed for evagination?

A

-radiographs to check pulpal horn involvement in evagination
-fissure sealant if worn
-pulpotomy

45
Q

what are talon cusps?

A

projections on the cingulum of maxillary incisors

46
Q

what is the tx for talon cusps?

A

-fissure seal
-pulpotomy if pulp chamber involved
-no treatment if occlusion ok

47
Q

what is taurodontism?

A

teeth with enlarged pulp chambers in a vertical direction- permanent 1st molars commonly affected

48
Q

what factors cause amelogenesis and dentogenesis?

A

genetics

49
Q

what is amelogenesis imperfect? name two forms

A

disorders that lead to defective enamel of primary and permanent teeth.

hypoplasia
hypomineralisation

50
Q

what is enamel hypoplasia ?

A

-can result due to febrile illness
-cause defective enamel form or colour
-due to destruction or damage of ameloblasts during enamel matrix formation.

51
Q

what are the symptoms of enamel hypoplasia?

A

-horizontal rows of pits on enamel surface
-glossy enamel
-thin enamel- translucent

52
Q

what is hypo mineralisation?

A

-defects in the mineralisation of enamel making it soft and discoloured/opaque/chalky

53
Q

what is the risk of hypomineralisation?

A

prone to caries and fractures

54
Q

how are localised enamel defects managed?

A

simple restorative procedures- e.g affected molars- SSC

55
Q

what will likely be seen with more generalised amelogenesis imperfect?

A

-aesthetic concerns
-sensitive patients
-sensitive to thermal/mechanical stimuli
-poor OH/staining

56
Q

what is dentinogenesis imperfect?

A

inherited disorder affecting dentine- which may or may not be associated with osteogenesis imperfect (collagen disorder)

57
Q

what does dentogenesis imperfects look like?

A

-opalescent teeth-that are grey/brown

58
Q

is the enamel affected?

A

no enamel structure is normal- but likely will flake off due to poor adhesion to dentine

59
Q

how does dentogenesis imperfect affect primary over permanent?

A

-likely cause pulpal exposure in decidious teeth
-permanent are less severely affected

60
Q

how do you manage dentinogenesis imperfect ?

A

-if localised- restorative tx e.g crown molars
-if generalised
can affect:
-aesthetic concerns
-sensitive patient
-sensitive to thermal/mechanical stimuli
-poor OH

61
Q

what infection can causes tooth disorders?

A

congenital syphillis

62
Q

what causes congenital syphillis?

A

spirochete treponema pallidum found in dental follicle

63
Q

how is congenital syphillis transmitted?

A

via placenta

64
Q

what 3 disorders does congenital syphhillis cause?

A

-hutchisons incisors
-mulberry molars
-moons molars

65
Q

what does hutchisons insciros cause?

A

-notches in upper incisors
-mesio-distal narrowing of incisor edge
-may leave anterior open bite

66
Q

what does mulberry molars cause?

A

-rough and pitted occlusal first permanent molars
-nodules instead of cusps
-resembles mulberry

67
Q

what does moon molars cause?

A

-round/dome shaped 1st permanent molars

68
Q

what is an enamel pearls?

A

small spherical enamel projection on cementum of root
-most commonly on buccal root surface close to bifurcation
-caused by ameloblast displacement during enamel formation
-often mistaken for calculus

paediatrics (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions