Disorders of the Stomach and Duodenum Flashcards
Peptic ulcer disease is defined endoscopically as a mucosal break greater than this size that is covered with fibrin
5 mm (called erosion if mucosal break is less than 5 mm)
Peptic ulcer disease is defined histologically as a defect in the gastrointestinal mucosa that extends through this layer
Muscularis mucosa
The occurrence of multiple ulcers beyond the duodenal bulb along with esophagitis and diarrhea should raise suspicion for this condition
Gastrinoma
Most common complication of peptic ulcer disease
Overt gastrointestinal bleeding
Organ most commonly involved in penetrating peptic ulcer disease
Pancreas
Most common manifestation of H. pylori infection
Mild pangastritis
Noninvasive test of choice for both initial diagnosis and proof of eradication of H. pylori infection
Fecal antigen testing
First-line treatment for H. pylori infection
Triple therapy with amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and PPI for 10-14 days
If endoscopy is indicated for evaluation of the patient who is not taking a PPI, H2 blocker, or bismuth, this is the most cost-effective approach in diagnosing H. pylori infection
Gastric biopsies with rapid urease testing
First-line therapy for NSAID-related ulcer prophylaxis
PPI
This term refers to the act of effortless regurgitation of undigested and pleasant-tasting food within minutes of eating
Rumination
Diagnosis: episodic abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting in a patient using marijuana; associated with compulsive hot-water bathing
Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome
Most commonly reported mesenchymal tumors in the stomach
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor
Markers detected in immunohistochemical testing for GIST (2)
CD117 (c-kit) and CD34
Treatment of choice for GIST
Surgical resection
Type of gastric carcinoid associated with hypergastrinemia from chronic atrophic gastritis
Type I
Type of gastric carcinoid associated with hypergastrinemia resulting from gastrinoma
Type II
Treatment for surgically unresectable gastric carcinoid
Octreotide
Most common histologic type of gastric malignancies
Adenocarcinomas
Most common risk factor for gastric cancer worldwide
H. pylori
Most common bariatric procedure
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
Most reliable finding in anastomotic leak after bariatric surgery
Tachycardia with HR >120
Most common type of restrictive bariatric procedure
Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding
Most common complication of gastric resection
Dumping syndrome
Diagnosis: confusion, ataxia, nystagmus, and ophthalmoplegia after bariatric surgery
Thiamine deficiency
