Disorders of the Esophagus Flashcards
Best test for odynophagia
Upper endoscopy
Disorder characterized by mechanical obstruction of the esophagus in the region of the lower sphincter caused by a malignant lesion
Pseudoachalasia
First-line therapy for achalasia
Laparoscopic myotomy
Findings of a “corkscrew esophagus” on barium swallow are typical of this condition
Diffuse esophageal spasm
Nutcracker esophagus refers to a manometric finding of average distal esophageal pressures greater than this level during peristalsis
220 mm Hg
First-line treatment for diffuse esophageal spasm
Calcium channel blockers
Hypomotility syndromes occur most frequently in the setting of this esophageal condition
GERD
Refers to a combination of manometrically determined aperistalsis of the esophageal body and a hypotensive lower esophageal sphincter
Scleroderma esophagus
Most common cause of infectious esophagitis in immunocompetent patients
Candida albicans
Eosinophilic esophagitis is diagnosed by exclusion of GERD and the finding of this number of eosinophils on endoscopic biopsy
15 eosinophils/hpf
Treatment for eosinophilic esophagitis
Swallowed aerosolized corticosteroids
Most common symptoms of GERD (2)
Heartburn and regurgitation
Barrett esophagus is classified into long-segment and short-segment using this cutoff
3 cm
Most common type of esophageal cancer
Adenocarcinoma
Dietary deficiencies that are considered risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus (2)
Zinc and selenium
