Disorders of the skin Flashcards
Dark Skin:
Hypertrophied overgrowth of fibrous tissue from a scar
More common in African Americans
Removed with steroid injection, laser
Usually minimized only not completely healed
Keloid
Dark Skin: Total loss of pigment in affected areas Disappearance of skins melanocytes Cause unknown Sensitive to light "Michael Jackson"
Vitiligo
Dark Skin: "Morgan Freeman" Brown/black raised areas usually on the cheeks Resemble flat warts/moles Common in women Not cancerous Removal is cosmetic
Dermatosis Papulosa Nigra
Dark Skin:
Temporary or permanent hair loss related to heated comb use with straightening agents
Traction Alopecia
Dark Skin: Ill defined blue macule (blue to gray) Over 50% in children No treatment required Gradual disappearance with age Flat lesion Lumbosacral Dark skinned babies
Nevus of Ota
A sweat gland disorder that inhibits sweating
Causes over-heating
Anhidrosis
A disorder of the sweat gland that produces excessive sweating
May lead to an electrolyte imbalance
Hyperhidrosis
A sweat gland disorder that may lead to an infected duct near hair follicles
They are painful boil-like lesions that can burst.
Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Medical term for hair loss
Alopecia
This type of hair loss can happen in patches from pregnancy, hormones, or chemotherapy
Sudden hair loss
Infection/inflammation of the hair follicles
Tinea capitus
Male pattern baldness but can happen to women too
Androgenic Alopecia
Patchy areas of baldness usually caused by an autoimmune disorder
Alopecia areata
Total loss of all head hair
Alopecia totalis
Loss of all body hair
Alopecia universalis
What is the main treatment for Alopecia?
Rogaine
Excessive growth of dark, coarse hair in undesirable locations
Male hair distribution seen in women
Hirsutism
Injury to nail bed, due to small shoes or starts and stops of running
Black toe AKA runners toe
A nail disorder that penetrates into and cuts the skin at the edge of the toe
Ingrown toenail
Separation of the nail plate distally to proximally
Usually due to trauma
Oncyholysis
Inflammation and injury of the skin at the nail base
Can be acute or chronic
Prevented by not biting nails and using gloves for protection
Treated with incision and ABX
Paronychia
Fingertips widen and become round and nails curve around fingertips
Clubbing
The nails are soft and “scooped” out
Usually due to iron deficient anemia
Spoon nails AKA koilonychia
Indentations across the nail bed
Usually due to malnutrition or acute severe illness such as a pronged fever or MI
Beaus Grooves
Pits on the nail plate with a possible thickening of the nail and separation from the nail bed
Usually found in psoriasis
Pitting Nails
The most common infection of the nails (toes more than fingers)
Fungal infection
Usually painless but dry, thick, and discolored nails
Treatment is an anti-fungal
Onychomycosis
