Disorders of the Lens & Posterior Chamber Flashcards

1
Q

What is the etiology of Presbyopia?

A

As we age–> lens becomes hardened and loses flexibility–> makes it difficult to focus on close objects.

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2
Q

What are the symptoms of Presbyopia?

A

Slow progressive inability to focus on near objects.

Will hold books/magazines etc further away from eyes

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3
Q

What are the signs of Presbyopia and when do you begin seeing them?

A
  • age: > 40 yo

- difficulty with near vision on the hand held (rosenberg eye chart)

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4
Q

What does 20/40 mean?

and 20/15

A

20/40=A patient sees at 20 feet what a person with normal vision would see at 40 Ft

-20/15= Able to see at 20 ft what a person w normal vision can see at 15.

Note: patient is always seeing at 20 ft.

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5
Q

If a patient cannot read the chart what do you ask them to do next?

A
  1. Count fingers
  2. hand motion
  3. Light perception
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6
Q

How do you record for patient when reading the chart who got all correct on the 20/30 line, but only two correct on the 20/20 line?

A

20/30 + 2

translates into they got two correct on the 20/20 line

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7
Q

what does 20/30-1 mean?

A

A person reading on the 20/30 line made 1 error on the line.

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8
Q

Another term for nearsighted?

A

Myopia

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9
Q

another term for farsighted?

A

hyperopia

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10
Q

When does Amblyopia typically begin?

A

Childhood

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11
Q

How does Amblyopia typically begin?

A

Begins as strabismus, where eyes are not working in perfect tandem (do not focus on the same spot simultaneously)

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12
Q

Where is the error for Amblyopia?

A

The error is in the Extraocular muscle

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13
Q

How do you tx Amblyopia?

A

Corrected through eye muscle exercise

patching one eye and forcing child to strengthen EOM (extra ocular muscle)

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14
Q

When can you begin treating Amblyopia?

A

Can be corrected in early childhood as strabismus, before amblyopia sets in.

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15
Q

What happens if strabismus is not corrected during childhood?

A

The brain will shut down the “lazy eyes” image to prevent diplopia.

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16
Q

Clouding of the lens resulting in reduced vision, and eventually opacification of the lens describes what?

A

Cataracts

17
Q

Those who_____ and ______ are predisposed to cataracts

A

you guessed it!

  • diabetics
  • smokers
18
Q

What are the symptoms of cataracts?

A
slow impairment of vision
colors fade
increased glare
*haloes around lights*
*poor night vision*
loss of red reflex on Ophthalmoscopic exam