Disorders of the Anterior Chamber Flashcards

1
Q

What produces aqueous fluid?

A

The ciliary body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where does the aqueous fluid drain?

A

into the anterior chamber through the pupil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What type of fluid is aqueous

A

watery fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What type of fluid is vitreous

A

gelatinous fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where is aqueous fluid absorbed

A

Through the trabecular network and the canal of schlemm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the primary disorders of the anterior chamber

A

Glaucoma
Hyphema
Uveitis or Iritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the normal cup to disc ratio

A

< 0.3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is abnormal cup to disc ratio

A

> 0.3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What elevation is glaucomatous cupping

A

at 0.6 or >

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Open Angle Glaucoma Etiology

A

imbalance between aqueous production and aqueous absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Open Angle Glaucoma Symptoms

A
  • asymptomatic until late in the disease – screening is VERY important
  • decreased vision is a late sign
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Open Angle Glaucoma Signs

A
  • elevated IOP

- Optic nerve cupping of 0.6 or > (glaucomatous cupping)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Open Angle Glaucoma Workup

A
  • Eye specialist usually does routine screening since most pts are asymptomatic
  • Eyes with a narrow chamber angle should not be dilated with drops – will increase risk of acute angle closure glaucoma
  • Chamber depth can be checked with tangential lighting of anterior chamber (will teach in Pt Assessment)
  • Marcus-Gunn pupil is late finding
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Open Angle Glaucoma Tx

A

Medication – Timoptic gtts etc

If medical Tx fails – surgery laser or incisional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma Symptoms

A
Sudden onset
Unilateral blurry vision
*Haloes seen around lights*
Intense ocular pain and photophobia
*Nausea, vomiting, diaphoresis*
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma Signs

A

Mid-dilated pupil
Conjunctival injection
Corneal edema
IOP usually > 60 or even 80

17
Q

Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma Tx

A

Ophthalmological emergency – immediate referral

18
Q

The 3 components of the Uveal Tract

A

The choroid
The lens & Ciliary body
The iris

19
Q

What is hyphema

A
  • blood in the anterior chamber
  • collects in front of the iris and behind the cornea
  • “layers out” falling to the lowest point in the anterior chamber
20
Q

hyphema Etiology

A

often result of traumatic injury to anterior chamber
complication following intraocular surgery
bleeding from blood thinners
von Willebrand’s disease

21
Q

hyphema Symptoms

A

(often a hx of ocular trauma), blurred vision, if large can cause ocular pain

22
Q

hyphema Signs

A

pool of blood seen in anterior chamber – can often be seen w/naked eye or certainly w/slit lamp examination
- *8 ball sign *

23
Q

hyphema Tx

A

urgent ophthalmology referral