disorders of the breasts

Question 1

fibrocystic breast changes

Answer 1

-caused by an overgrowth of fibrous tissues in the connective tissues supporting the breasts
-may or may not have nipple discharge
-breasts are round & smooth, multiple lesions, cyclic, palpable, 30-50 yrs old
-tenderness
-dx by aspiration and biopsy
-tx: limit caffeine, ibuprofen, supportive bra

Question 2

fibroadenomas

Answer 2

-benign solid breast tumors
-no nipple discharge
-site: unilateral; nipple area or upper outer quadrant
-characteristics: round, firm, movable, palpable, rubbery, well delineated, single lesion, 15-30yrs
-no tenderness
-dx: mammogram, “watchful waiting”, aspiration and biopsy
-tx: surgical excision

Question 3

masitits

Answer 3

-no nipple discharge
-site: unilateral; outer quadrant
-characteristics: wedge-shaped, warmth, redness, swelling, nipple cracked, breast engorged
-tenderness
-tx: abx, warm shower, supportive bra, breastfeeding, increase fluids

Question 4

benign breast masses s/s

Answer 4

-frequently painful
-firm, mobile, rubbery
-bilateral
-induced nipple discharge
-regular margins
-no skin dimpling, nipple retraction, or bloody discharge

Question 5

malignant breast masses s/s

Answer 5

-hard on palpation
-painless
-irregular shape
-immobile
-skin dimpling
-nipple retraction
-unilateral mass
-bloody, serosanguineous, or serous nipple discharge
-spontaneous nipple discharge

Question 6

U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) screening recommendations

Answer 6

-biennial screening mammography starting at age 50-74 yo

Question 7

American Cancer Society (ACS) screening recommendations

Answer 7

-annual mammograms and CBE starting at 45-54 yo
-age 55 & older, women should have them every 2 yrs or continue annually

Question 8

ACOG screening recommendations

Answer 8

annually beginning at age 40