Disorders of the Airways Flashcards
Most fatal hereditary disorder of whites in the US
CF
Symptoms include steatorrhea
CF
How might your CF patient look?
Malnourished, digital clubbing, increased AP diameter
What will you hear on lung exam in CF?
apical crackles
What do PTF’s show in CF?
mixed obstructive and restrictive
50% of CF patients will also develop this syndrome
bronchieactesis
What abdominal organ are you also concerned with in CF?
pancreatits
Symptoms of CF
productive cough, decreased exercise tolerance, recurrent hemoptysis, rhinosinusitis, diarrhea
What is the tx of CF focused on?
reduction of airway secretions: postural drainage, chest percussion or vibration techniques
What surgical intervention is available to CF patients?
lung transplant
This disorder produces foul smelling sputum and can be congenital or acquired
bronchiectasis
define bronchiectasis
abnormal, chronic bronchial enlargement; can be localized or diffuse
Main symptoms of bronchieactasis
chronic cough with production of copious amounts of purulent sputum
CXR findings of bronchieactasis
dilated and thickened bronchi–> “TRAM TRACKS”
How do you treat bronchiectasis?
antibiotics for acute; usually amoxicillin
What are some complications of bronchiectasis?
distant visceral abscesses–>brain! cor pulmonale, amyloidosis
What is the hallmark symptom of interstitial lung disease ?
slowly progressing dyspnea (insidious onset) + dry cough
What would lung volumes look like in a patient with interstitial lung disease?
decreased lung volumes w/ patchy distribution of ground glass
What CXR findings would you expect to find in idiopathic interstitial pneumonia?
patchy, fibrosis honeycombing over several years
What do PFT’s show in interstitial lung disease?
restrictive process
How do you diagnosis idiopathic interstitial pneumonia?
surgical lung biopsy is usually required
What are the four requirements for diagnosis idiopathic interstitial pneumonia?
honeycombing on CT over time
PTF’s with restrictive disease
inspiratory crackles
radiographic e/o fibrosis over years
Who is at highest risk for developing sarcoidosis?
African American women
noncaseating granulomas
sarcoidosis
What would you expect to find on cxr for sarcoidosis?
butterfly sign–> hilar adenopathy
What additional, regular exam do sarcoidosis patients require?
a regular eye exam
What is a good treatment option for sarcoidosis?
prednisone
