Disorders of memory Flashcards
What factors are relevant in the classification of memory disorders?
> Generic cause > Time frame > Stability > Extent of problem > Aetiology
What are the two categories of memory problems?
> Psychogenic
> Organic
What are the two categories of organic memory problems?
> Transient
> Permanent
What are the types of transient memory problems?
> TGA
ECT
PTA
What are the two categories of permanent organic memory problems?
> Degenerative
> Stable
What are the types of degenerative memory problems?
> SDAT
Huntingtons
Picks
AIDS
What are the two categories of stable permanent organic memory problems?
> Material specific
> Global
What are the types of material specific memory problems?
> Faces
Places
Objects
What are the types of global memory problems?
> WKS, HSE, CHI > Tumour Anoxia > Stroke aneurysm > Lobectomy > CO poisoning
What are the two types of procedural memory?
> Perceptual
> Skill-based
What re the two types of declarative memory?
> Episodic
> Semantic
What are the factors of aspects of memory?
> Recall vs recognition
> Recollection vs familiarity (remembering vs knowing)
How did Parkin (2003) define amnesia?
> Unimpaired STM > Severe and permanent anterograde amnesia > Intact semantic memory > Intact skill learning > Retrograde amnesia is variable
What evidence is there that the medial temporal lobe, particularly the hippocampus, is central to memory?
> HM
> RB
What were the features of RB’s amnesia?
Restricted damage to CA1 in the hippocampus
What are the neural structures, other than the hippocampus, which have been linked to amnesia?
> Diencephalon
> Fornix
What regions of the diencephalon have been linked to amnesia?
> Thalamus
> Mamillary bodies
Who linked the fornix to severe anterograde amnesia?
> Aggleton et al (2000)
> Tsivilis et al (2008)
What did Aggleton (2000) find?
That the fornix is linked to severe anterograde amnesia
What did Tsivilis et al (2008) find?
That the fornix is linked to severe anterograde amnesia
What did Mayes et al (2003) demonstrate?
Long term amnesia can occur without any hippocampal damage
Who demonstrated that long term amnesia can occur without any hippocampal damage?
Mayes et al (2003)
Are there difference between the amnesia caused by diencephalon damage and medial temporal lobe damage?
Possibly. It has been proposed that there are differences in forgetting rates, behavioural manifestations and patterns of retrograde amnesia
