DISORDERS & DISEASES OF THE SKIN

Question 1

Lesions

Answer 1

structural changes in the tissue caused by damage or injury. Any mark, wound, or abnormality.

Question 2

Vascular Lesion (tertiary)

Answer 2

involve the blood or circulatory system

Question 3

Primary Lesions

Answer 3

lesions in the early stages of development or change. Flat, non palpable changes in skin color or by elevations formed by fluid in a cavity (vesicles or pustules)

Question 4

Bulla

Answer 4

large blister containing watery fluid

Question 5

Cyst

Answer 5

closed, abnormally developed sac containing fluid, infection, or other matter above or below skin

Question 6

Macule

Answer 6

flat spot or discoloration on the skin, freckle or red spot, left after a pimple has healed.

Question 7

Nodules

Answer 7

tumors, but smaller bumps caused by conditions such as scar tissue, fatty deposits, or infections

Question 8

Papule

Answer 8

small elevation on the skin that contains no fluid, but may develop into a pustule

Question 9

Pustule

Answer 9

inflamed papule with a white or yellow center containing pus, a fluid consisting of white blood cells, bacteria, and other debris.

Question 10

Tubercle

Answer 10

abnormal rounded, solid lump

Question 11

Tumor

Answer 11

large nodule, resulting from excessive cell multiplication

Question 12

Vesicle

Answer 12

small blister or sac containing clear fluid

Question 13

Wheal

Answer 13

an itchy, swollen lesion caused by a blow, insect bite, skin allergy reaction, or stings

Question 14

Hives

Answer 14

Urticaria, can be caused by exposure to allergens in products

Question 15

Secondary Lesions

Answer 15

develop in the later stages of disease and change the structure of tissues and organs

Question 16

Crust

Answer 16

Dead cells formed over a wound or blemish while it is healing, resulting in an accumulation of sebum or pus Ex. Scab or sore

Question 17

Excoriation

Answer 17

a skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping

Question 18

Keloid

Answer 18

thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue (collagen)

Question 19

Scale

Answer 19

Excessive shedding of dead skin cells flaky sin cells, thin plate of epidermal flakes dry or oily. Ex. dandruff or psoriasis

Question 20

Scar

Answer 20

discolored, slightly raised mark on the skin formed after injury. Thick scars are hypertrophic

Question 21

Ulcer

Answer 21

open lesion, accompanied by pus and loss of skin depth. Requires medical referral.

Question 22

Acne (acne simplex, acne vulgaris)

Answer 22

chronic inflammatory skin disorder of the sebaceous glands. Comedones and blemishes.

Question 23

Asteatosis

Answer 23

dry, scaly skin from sebum deficiency, due to aging, internal disorders, alkalies, of harsh soaps or cold exposure

Question 24

Comedo

Answer 24

noninflamed buildup of cells, sebum, and other debris inside follicles.

Question 25

Open Comedo

Answer 25

blackhead open at the surface and exposed to air. dark because it is exposed to oxygen and oxidation occurs

Question 26

Closed Comedo

Answer 26

forms when the openings of the follicles are blocked with debris and white cells. “whitehead”

Question 27

Furuncle

Answer 27

Boil, subcutaneous abscess. Caused by bacteria in glands or hair follicles.

Question 28

Carbuncles

Answer 28

Groups of boils

Question 29

Milia

Answer 29

epidermal cysts are small, firm, white papules. Pearl like masses of sebum and dead cells under the skin with no visible opening often mistaken for whiteheads. Hardened and closed over, more commonly in dry skin types and may form after skin trauma.

Question 30

Sebaceous Hyperlplasia

Answer 30

Benign lesions frequently seen in oilier areas of the face. Doughnut shaped with indentation in the center. Do not mistake these as comedones or milia. These can only be removed surgically.

Question 31

Seborrhea

Answer 31

severe oiliness, abnormal secretion of sebaceous glands

Question 32

Seborrheic Dermatitis

Answer 32

skin condition characterized by inflammation, dry or oily scaling or crusting and itchiness. Red flaky skin appearing in eyebrows, scalp and hairline, middle forehead, sides of nose. One cause is inflammation of the sebaceous glands. Also a common form of eczema.

Question 33

Steatoma

Answer 33

“wen” sebaceous cyst or subcutaneous tumor filled with sebum and ranging in size from pea to orange. appearing on scalp, neck, back

Question 34

Anhidrosis

Answer 34

deficiency in perspiration

Question 35

Bromhidrosis

Answer 35

foul smelling perspiration, armpits or feet. Caused by bacteria and yeast

Question 36

Hyperhidrosis

Answer 36

excessive perspiration caused by heat, genetics, medications, medical conditions “diaphoresis”

Question 37

Miliaria Rubra

Answer 37

“prickly heat” Acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands, results in eruption of red vesicles and burning itching skin from excessive heat exposure