Disorders/Diseases Flashcards
Etiology
Cause or origin of a condition
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
A terminal, progressive disease of the motor neuorns in the brain stem and spinal cord that eventually leads to muscular paralysis.
Atherosclerosis
A disease in which plaque builds up inside your arteries. Ie. Heart disease
Atlantoaxial Instability
A type of misalignment of the upper spinal column that is often found in people with Down Syndrome.
Cerebrovascular Accident “Stroke”
Occurs when blood flow to the brain is restricted, sometimes due to a ruptured cerebral blood vessel, the resulting lack of oxygen to brain cells can cause permanent damage or death.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder
A disease which air sacs of the lungs lose their elasticity and become overly porous, which can result in dyspnea, fatigue, and eventually leads to death.
Down Syndrome
A developmental disorder resulting from a chromosomal abnormality (21 chromosome, also called a trisomy)
Dyspnea
Shortness of breath
Encephalitis
Swelling or infection of the brain.
Hemiplegia
Paralysis on either the left of the right side of the body
Huntington’s Disease
A relitivetly rare, inherited neurlogical disorder affecting motor control, which tends to appear in middle age.
Fragile X Syndrome
A genetic disorder that causes cognitive delays
Hydrocephaly
A medical condition resulting from an excess of cerebrospinal fluids in the and around the brain
Hypotonia
A lack of muscle tone
Genetic Abnormalities
Change in normal human development that results from broken, damaged, or missing genetic material.
Meningitis
A disease that arises from infection of the spinal fluid and can cause hearing loss and other serious complications.
Metabolic Errors
A rare genetic (inherited) disorder in which the body cannot properly turn food into energy
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
A chronic, degenerative disease of the central nervous system in which the myelin sheaths surrounding nerve finbers degrade, resulting in neuromuscular symptoms such as weakness in the linbs and sensory impairment.
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
A disorder caused by alcohol ingestion during pregnancy, which can result in intellectual disabilities, attention problems, growth deficiencies and facial deformaties.
Parkinson’s Disease
A neurological disorder that affects movement.
Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDDs)
A group of disorders that are characterized by delays in multiple areas of development, including communication and social functioning.
Phenylketonuria (PKU)
A genetic metabolic disorder that causes severe brain damage due to the body’s inability to break down the chemical phenylalanine.
Rett’s Syndrome
A disorder in females which, following an apparently normal development of up to two and a half years, a child shows decelerated head growth, diminishing physical coordination, and impaired social and language development.
Spina Bifida
An open defect in the spinal column caused by failure of the back arches of the vertebra to close before birth.
William’s Syndrome
A developmental disorder that affects many parts of the body. Characterized by mild to moderate intellectual disability or learning problems, unique personality characteristics, distinctive facial features, and heart and blood vessel (cardiovascular) problems.
