Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Exam 3 > Diseases Of The Esophagus > Flashcards

Diseases Of The Esophagus Flashcards

1
Q

Boerheave Syndrome

A 
Transmural tear in the esophagus
Career bulimic or alcoholic; violent retching
CXR-Air in mediastinum 
Sounds like rice crispies 
Surgical emergency
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Eosinophilic esophagitis

A

Path: asthma, allergies, atopy
Food allergens lead to dysphasia, heartburn, and strictures
Dx: EGD Bx >15eos
Tx: trial PPI then oral aerolized steroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Esophageal stricture

A

Path: lye ingestion, acid reflux
Pt: GERD, dysphagia, weight loss
Dx: barium is symmetric
Tx: PPI, dilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Esophageal varices

A

Path: portal HTN, dilated submucosal veins in lower 1/3
Pt: cirrhotic, alcoholic, upper GI bleed
Dx: EGD
Tx: octerotide (cirrotics), balloon, banding, TIPS, transplant
Ppx: propranolol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Esophagitis causes

A 
PIECE pneumonic
Pill induced
Infectious
Eosinophilic
Caustic
G(E)RD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Most common causes of infectious esophagitis and their treatments

A

Candida- fluconazole
HSV- val/a cyclovir (punched out ulcers)
CMV- val/a cyclovir (linear ulcers)
HIV- HAART

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Mallory Weiss Syndrome

A

Path: superficial mucosal tear at gastroesophageal junction due to severe vomiting, hematemesis
Pt: weekend warrior alcoholic, bulimic
Dx: EGD
Tx: self-limiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Plummer-Vinson Syndrome

A

Pt: triad dysphagia, iron def anemia, esophageal webs
Dx: see webs on barium
Tx: screen for cancer, more likely to get SCC esophagus

PLUMBERS DIE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Scleroderma

A 
Path: collagen deposition, LES cant contract, smooth muscle atrophy
Pt: acid reflux, dysphagia 
Dx: manometry, barium, EGD w Bx
Tx: PPI
Serology to confirm path

CREST SYNDROME

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Barrett esophagus

A

Replacement of nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium with intestinal epithelium (nonciliated columnar) in distal esophagus.

Assoc: GERD, esophagitis, esophageal ulcers, increased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The AABCDEFFGH of esophageal cancer

A 
Achalasia
Alcohol- SCC
Barrett- adenocarcinoma
Cigarettes
Diverticula (Zenker)- SCC
Esophageal web- SCC
Familial
Fat (obese)-adenocarcinoma
GERD- adenocarcinoma
Hot liquids - SCC
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Achalasia

A

Path: absent myenteric plexus, LES cant relax
Pt: progressive dysphagia, food gets stuck at GE junction
Dx: barium shows dilated esophagus (birds beak) with distal stenosis
Manometry tells us what type
Tx: myotomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Achalasia may arise secondary to

A

T. Cruzi infection (Chagas disease)

Malignancies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Diffuse esophageal spasms

A

Path: crazy contractions
Pt: MI like feeling in chest
Dx; r/o ACS, then barium, manometry, EGD Bx
Tx: Calcium channel blocker and nitrates as needed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Dysphagia: motility and mechanical. Which is progressive?

A

Mechanical dysphagia shows progressive- first solids, then liquids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Zenker’s diverticulum

A

Path: diverticula in esophagus
Pt: halitosis, regurgitate undigested food
Dx:barium- it fills up
Tx: surgery

17
Q

Difference between stricture and cancer diagnosis

A

Stricture: upper 1/3, barium symmetry
Cancer: lower 1/3, barium asymmetry

18
Q

Schatzki’s ring

A

Path: ring at GE junction
Pt: steakhouse dysphagia
Dx: barium EGD bx
Tx: lyse

19
Q

Examples of mechanical dysphagia

A 
Benign tumor
Stricture
Diverticula
Malignancy
Esophagitis
Rings and webs
20
Q

Examples of motility dysphagia

A

Achalasia, chagas disease, esophageal spasm, LES issue, scleroderma, nutcracker esophagus

21
Q

What part of esophagus is SCC found?

A

Upper 2/3

22
Q

What part of the esophagus is adenocarcinoma found?

A

Lowe 1/3

23
Q

Barrett’s esophagus is associated with increased risk of developing what?

A

Adenocarcinoma

24
Q

Sliding hiatal hernia

A

GE junction and stomach slide up above the diaphragm

25
Q

Paraesophagel hiatal hernia

A

Part of stomach it placed up. Bu the GE junction remains below the diaphragm

Exam 3 (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions