Diseases of the Blood

Question 1

A form of cancer that begins in the blood-forming cells of the bone marrow.

Answer 1

Leukemia

Question 2

It is characterized by an iron-deficiency anemia, atrophic changes in the buccal, glossopharyngeal, and esophageal mucous membranes, koilonychia (spoon shaped finger nails), and dysphagia.

Answer 2

Plummer vinson syndrome

Question 3

Is a form of anemia in which the capacity of the bone marrow to generate blood cells is defective.

Answer 3

Aplastic anemia

Question 4

It is the most serious and life-threatening blood dyscrasia associated with drug toxicity.

Answer 4

Aplastic anemia

Question 5

Most common type of leukemia in children:

Answer 5

Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)

Question 6

Most malignant type of leukemia; most common type in adults

Answer 6

Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)

Question 7

Least malignant type of leukemia; MOST COMMON TYPE

Answer 7

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)

Question 8

What is chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)?

Answer 8

Invariably fatal associated with Philadelphia chromosome( exchange of material between chr. 9 and 22)

Question 9

Patient with this condition have RBC lifespan that is shorten from 120 days to 20days.

Answer 9

Sickle cell anemia

Question 10

What type of Pura is characterized by a low platelet count that is caused by abnormal thrombosis in terminal arterioles?

Answer 10

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

Question 11

3mm-1cm purplish discolorations in the skin produced by a small bleeding vessels.

Answer 11

Purpura spots

Question 12

A bleeding disorder characterized by a deficiency in the number of platelets. Results in multiple bruises, petechiae…

Answer 12

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

Question 13

An abnormal condition of the blood, characterized by a severe reduction in the number of granulocytes (particularly the neutrophils). It may also be caused by anti thyroid drugs ( PTU, methimazole, and carbamazole) and chemotherapy drugs used in the treatment of cancer.

Answer 13

Agranulocytosis

Question 14

A chronic, progressive, megaloblastic anemia. Caused by lack of secretion of the intrinsic factor in normal gastric juice.

Answer 14

Pernicious anemia

Question 15

Is done to evaluate whether vitamin B12 is being absorbed by the body and is most commonly used to evaluate patients for pernicious anemia.

Answer 15

Schilling 24-hour urine test

Question 16

It result from a genetic defect. Characterized by a low level of erythrocytes and abnormal hemoglobin.

Answer 16

Thalassemia

Question 17

Most severe form of erythroblastosis fetalis

Answer 17

Rh incompatibility - prevented if the mother takes Rhogam during and after pregnancy

Question 18

Oral manifestations of erythrobastosis fetalis

Answer 18

Teeth appear green, blue hue due to deposition of blood pigment in the enamel and dentin

Enamel hypoplasia

Question 19

A type of leukemia where oral lesions are most likely to be observed

Answer 19

Myelogenous leukemia

Question 20

A condition where too many red blood cells in the circulation; leads to clot formation and blockage of small vessels, can lead to stroke or heart attack

Answer 20

Polycythemia

Question 21

Also called as “polycythemia vera” or erythemia; occurs when erythrocytes are produced as a result of tumorous abnormalities; seen in 75% of patients.

Answer 21

Primary polycythemia

Question 22

Many patients will complain “generalized pruritus (itching).”

Answer 22

Polycythemia

Question 23

It is a rare syndrome of paroxysmal vasodilation with burning pain, increased skin temp, and redness of the feet and less often, the hands.

Answer 23

Erythromelalgia

Question 24

The translocation from chromosome 22 to chromosome 9 is a finding of which leukemia?

Answer 24

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)

Question 25

Is a malignant doease of the bone marrow in which hematopoietic precursors are arrested in an early stage of development

Answer 25

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML)