Diseases of the Blood Flashcards
A form of cancer that begins in the blood-forming cells of the bone marrow.
Leukemia
It is characterized by an iron-deficiency anemia, atrophic changes in the buccal, glossopharyngeal, and esophageal mucous membranes, koilonychia (spoon shaped finger nails), and dysphagia.
Plummer vinson syndrome
Is a form of anemia in which the capacity of the bone marrow to generate blood cells is defective.
Aplastic anemia
It is the most serious and life-threatening blood dyscrasia associated with drug toxicity.
Aplastic anemia
Most common type of leukemia in children:
Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)
Most malignant type of leukemia; most common type in adults
Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)
Least malignant type of leukemia; MOST COMMON TYPE
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
What is chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)?
Invariably fatal associated with Philadelphia chromosome( exchange of material between chr. 9 and 22)
Patient with this condition have RBC lifespan that is shorten from 120 days to 20days.
Sickle cell anemia
What type of Pura is characterized by a low platelet count that is caused by abnormal thrombosis in terminal arterioles?
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
3mm-1cm purplish discolorations in the skin produced by a small bleeding vessels.
Purpura spots
A bleeding disorder characterized by a deficiency in the number of platelets. Results in multiple bruises, petechiae…
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
An abnormal condition of the blood, characterized by a severe reduction in the number of granulocytes (particularly the neutrophils). It may also be caused by anti thyroid drugs ( PTU, methimazole, and carbamazole) and chemotherapy drugs used in the treatment of cancer.
Agranulocytosis
A chronic, progressive, megaloblastic anemia. Caused by lack of secretion of the intrinsic factor in normal gastric juice.
Pernicious anemia
Is done to evaluate whether vitamin B12 is being absorbed by the body and is most commonly used to evaluate patients for pernicious anemia.
Schilling 24-hour urine test
It result from a genetic defect. Characterized by a low level of erythrocytes and abnormal hemoglobin.
Thalassemia
Most severe form of erythroblastosis fetalis
Rh incompatibility - prevented if the mother takes Rhogam during and after pregnancy
Oral manifestations of erythrobastosis fetalis
Teeth appear green, blue hue due to deposition of blood pigment in the enamel and dentin
Enamel hypoplasia
A type of leukemia where oral lesions are most likely to be observed
Myelogenous leukemia
A condition where too many red blood cells in the circulation; leads to clot formation and blockage of small vessels, can lead to stroke or heart attack
Polycythemia
Also called as “polycythemia vera” or erythemia; occurs when erythrocytes are produced as a result of tumorous abnormalities; seen in 75% of patients.
Primary polycythemia
Many patients will complain “generalized pruritus (itching).”
Polycythemia
It is a rare syndrome of paroxysmal vasodilation with burning pain, increased skin temp, and redness of the feet and less often, the hands.
Erythromelalgia
The translocation from chromosome 22 to chromosome 9 is a finding of which leukemia?
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)
Is a malignant doease of the bone marrow in which hematopoietic precursors are arrested in an early stage of development
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
