diseases of adults Flashcards
DDX for thin ewe (chronic weight loss, one animal affected, adults)
management- diet, feeder space, housing
teeth.oral lesions, foot rot, parasites
caseous lymphadenitis
OPP
CAE/DJD
paratuberculosis
caseous lymphadenitis transmission, DDX, dx
external/internal abscesses- skin resp transmission
ddx: abscess, cyst, wasting diseases
dx- culture abscess, hemolysin inhibition test for herd
caseous lymphadenitis tx, control
external abscess- cull, lance w iodine/chlorhexidine
internal- cull
purchase from CLA free flock, disinfect shearing equipment, vx entire flock
OPP/CAE forms, transmission
lentivirus- transmission vertical, resp
chronic pneumonia (sheep), encephalitis (lambs)-> maedi visna
arthritic form- goats
hard udder
OPP C/S
> 3y old sheep
severe dyspnea, time of stress= more frequent resp signs
CAE C/S
mostly goats
swollen carpal joints, weight loss
monocytes and lymphocytes on joint tap
encephalitis C/S
1-6m
ataxia/paresis
blindness, head tilt/tremor (rare)
OPP/CAE dx/tx
PCR/ELISA on serum
highly infected: remove newborns, tx colostrum, pasteurize milk, serology
moderate: separate/remove, mate negatives
paratuberculosis (johnes)
fecal/oral transmission
weight loss, poor hair coat, +/- chronic d+
johnes dx
ELISA, PCR (dont culture)
control: ID and cull, manure disposal, vx in aus/US
contagious ecthyma
orf-> young adults
crusty lesions
tx- fluid support, nutrition
resolves in 1m
maintain virus free herd (examine new additions)
ZOONOTIC
rumen acidosis
rapid fermentation of carbs-> VFAs-> pH change
proliferation of S. bovis-> lactic acid-> lactobacillus
C/S- shock, colic, d+, dehydration, lactic acidosis
dx- high lactate, dehydration, prerenal azotemia
tx- fluids (w bicarb), NSAIDs, abx, thiamine
grass hay and water
transfaunation
prevention- introduce concentrate slowly , rumen buffer (baking soda)
abomasal emptying defect
suffolk adults
chronic weight loss, abd distension, high chloride
no tx
listeriosis
multifocal encephalitis, septicemia, abortion
silage feeding-> shed in milk, uterine fluid
tetanus
castration, tail docking, shearing, umbilicus, metritis
unvxed animals
vx pre-lambing, lambs
scrapie
TSEs (prions), 2-5y, placenta, feces, milk, urine
C/S- rubbing flanks, biting feet, loss of wool, ataxia
excitement, dropping ears, nervous, aggressive
weight loss, death
scrapie genotyping
171, 154, 136
171: R resistant
Q susceptible
136: A resistant, V susceptible
atypical scrapie
ataxia, weight loss, behaviour changes
foot rot
contagious bacterial foot infection-> lameness/production loss
redness, inflammation, bad odour, weight loss
foot rot pathogenesis
moisture/trauma-> fusobacterium necrophorum/dichelobacter nodosus-> dermatitis
secondary infection w trueperella (abscess)
footrot-> benign or virulent
foot rot tx
check all animals-> cull severe
exposed: trim feet/footbath
lame: trimming, abx, 1hr footbath, clean pasture
prevention: quarantine 30d, regular trimming, zinc footbath
copper toxicity
sheep (lambs)
swine ration, mineral supplements, foot bath, chicken/swine
1. acute poisoning
2. primary chronic poisoning
3. secondary chronic poisoning
chronic copper toxicity
accumulates in liver-> sudden release-> hemolytic crisis (anemia, hemoglobinuria, nephrosis)
copper toxicity C/S
acute- salivation, abd pain, d+
chronic- pale MM, icterus, weakness, anorexia
(anemia, high bilirubin, azotemia)
high copper blood >1.5, increased in liver
gunmetal colour kidney
