diseases n stuff Flashcards

1
Q

causes of sudden visual loss ABCD

A

A - ARMD
B - Bleed/Blocke vessel
C - Closed angle glaucoma
D - detached retina

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2
Q

in an artery occlusion is visual loss painful

A

no

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3
Q

what colour retina would be seen in artery occlusion

A

pale

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4
Q

how does temporal arteritis casue vision loss

A

causes ION - ischamic optic neuropathy -loss of blood to optic nerve head

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5
Q

what would be seen by patient in vitreous haemorrhage

A

floaters

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6
Q

sign of vitreous haemorrhage

A

loss of red reflex

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7
Q

signs of retinal detachment

A

painless sudden visual loss sudden onset of flashes or floaters

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8
Q

commonest casue of blindness in Uk

A

ARMD

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9
Q

what happens in wet ARMD

A

vessels grow under retina and leak causing sudden central visual loss

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10
Q

what type of sightedness in closed angel galucoma more liekly seen in

A

long sighted

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11
Q

causes of gradual visual loss ABCDG

A
A - ARMD (dry)
B - blur (refractory error)
C - cataract
D - diabetes
G - glaucoma
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12
Q

what is a catarcact

A

cloudign of lens due to changes in lens proteins

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13
Q

what type of lnse proteins are invloved in cataracts

A

crystallins

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14
Q

management of cataract

A

remove

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15
Q

symtoms of dry ARMD

A

gradual visual loss

central vision missing ‘scotoma”

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16
Q

signs of fundoscopy in dry ARMD

A

drusen - build up below RPE

atrophic patches of retina

17
Q

treatment of dry ARMD

A

no cure -supportive

18
Q

type fo refractory error (4kinds)

A
myopia - short
hypermetropia - long 
astigmatism - irregular cornea curvature
presbyopia 
loss of accomodation with age
19
Q

signs on fundoscopy in open angle glaucoma

A

cupped disc

20
Q

what is the neuroretinal rim

A

tissue between the edge of the disc (ganglion cells surrounding ) and the optic cup (lighter inner circle)

21
Q

what is papilloedema

A

bilateral optic disc swelling due to raised ICP

22
Q

down and out

A

third nerve palsy

23
Q

head tilt seen

A

fourth nerve palsy

24
Q

down and out and painful think ?

A

aneurysm

25
Q

what allows for conjugate eye movement

A

MLF
medial longitudinal fasiculus

contralat eye adducts by with nystagmus

26
Q

optic neuritis symptoms

A
painful eye movements 
reduced vision 
colour desaturation 
central scotoma
gradual recovery
27
Q

optic neuritis treatemtn

A

Iv methylprednisilone