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Basic science > Diseases > Flashcards

Diseases Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Gout crystals

A

YELLOW

NEGATIVE biregringent

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2
Q

Pseudogout crystals

A

BLUE

POSITIVE birefringent

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3
Q

Bilateral ankle OA

A

Hemochromatosis

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4
Q

Homogentisic acid in joints
Spondylitis
BLACK urine

A

Ochronosis (Alkaptonuria)

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5
Q

Reactive arthritis

A

Uveitis
Urethritis
Arthritis
HLA-B27 +

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6
Q

Familial hypophosphatemic rickets

A

Vit D resistant

X-linked Dominant

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7
Q

Type 1 Vit D dependent rickets

A 
AR
ENZYME defect (Vit D1 hydroxylase)
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8
Q

Type 2 Vit D dependent rickets

A 
AR
RECEPTOR defect (1, 25 OH Vit D receptor)
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9
Q

Where scurvy affects bone

A

Primary spongiosa

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10
Q

Best lab test for RA

A

anti-CCP AB

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11
Q

Mannerfelt syndrome

A

FPL rupture in RA

Due to scaphoid osteophyte

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12
Q

Vaughn Jackson syndrome

A

Rupture of ulnar extensors (EDM first) in RA

Due to DRUJ instability

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13
Q

Lab tests for SLE

A

Anti-DS DNA AB

Anti-Smith

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14
Q

Altered BMP-4 signal transduction

A

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva

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15
Q

Poly-ostotic fibrous dysplasia + myxomas

A

Mazabraud’s syndrome

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16
Q

Multiple enchondromas

A

Ollier’s disease + Mafucci’s

17
Q

Defective LEMD3 gene

A

Osteopoikilosis

18
Q

Zone of physis widened in rickets

A

Hypertrophy

19
Q

Cartilage changes in aging

A 
DECREASED
Water
Proteoglycan synthesis
Cell #
Chondroitin sulfate
20
Q

Type of collagen increased in early OA

A

Type X

21
Q

Shoulder arthrodesis position

A

FF 20-25 deg
Abd 15-20
IR 40-50

22
Q

Elbow arthrodesis position

A

Unilateral - 90 deg flexion

Bilateral - 110 flexion and 65 flexion

23
Q

Hip arthrodesis position

A

Flexion 25-30
Adduction 0-5
ER 5-10

24
Q

Knee arthrodesis position

A

Flexion 10-15
Valgus 0-7
ER 0-10

25
Q

Ankle arthrodesis position

A

Hindfoot valgus 5
ER 5-10
Neutral dorsiflexion

26
Q

1st MTP arthrodesis position

A

Dorsiflexion 10-15
Slight valgus
Neutral rotation

27
Q

Non-Mendelian Inheritance

A

McCune-Albright

28
Q

Mixed Inheritance Diseases

A

Larsens
OI
Osteopetrosis

29
Q

Sex-linked Dominant

A

Hypophosphatemic (vit D resistant) Rickets

30
Q

x-linked Recessive

A

“Mommas boys”

  • Duchenne muscular dystrophy
  • Becker’s muscular dystrophy
  • Hunter’s syndrome
  • Hemophilia
  • SED tarda
31
Q

Autosomal Recessive

A
  • Diastrophic Dysplasia
  • Friedreich’s Ataxia
  • Gaucher disease
  • Spinal muscular atrophy
  • Sickle cell anemia
  • Hypophosphatasia
  • Vitamin D dependent rickets (Type I and II)
  • Mucopolysaccharidoses (except Hunters)

Basic science (7 decks)

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