Diseases Flashcards
acute glomerulonephritis
damage to glomerulus usually post strep infec
+ blood
+ protein
+WBC
micro: rbc, rbc casts, hyaline casts, granular casts, +- wbc
pyelonephritis
kidney infec. post bacteria infec. \+LE \+ Nitrite \+ Protein \+- blood micro: wbc casts, wbc, bacteria, rbc`
nephrotic syndrome
circulatory disease post glomerulonephritis= tubular damage
4+ protein
+ blood
micro: fat, oval bodies, renal epis, all casts, rbc
UTI
bacterial infection \+- protein \+LE \+ nitrite \+blood micro: wbc, bacteria, rbc
kidney stone
stone formation
4+ blood
Micro: rbc, crystals (calcium oxalate)
yeast infection
infection from yeast \+- protein \+ LE \+ blood micro: wbc, rbc, yeast
cystinuria
inability of renal tubules to reabsorb cystine
cystine crystals in urine
+ cyanide- nitroprusside test
renal calculi
cystinosis
IEM, crystalline deposits in body polyuria aminoaciduria \+ for reducing substances lack of urinary concentration may progress to renal failure
homocystinuria
defect in metabolism of homocystine \+ cyanide-nitroprusside test \+silver nitroprusside test failure to thrive cataracts mental retardation thromboembolic problems death
diabetes insipidus
decrease in production/function of ADH
decrease SG
increase urine volume
normal glucose levels
diabetes mellitus
defect in pancreatic production/function of insulin
increase SG
increase urine volume
Increase glucose level
PKU
phenylketonuria
phenylalanine hydroxylase not produced
mousy smell to urine
if no dietary changes= damage to mental capabilities
Guthrie test: blood disks on culture w/ B. subtilis; increase in phenylalanine counteract B-2-thienylalanine and bacteria will grow
alkoptonuria
homogentisic acid not produced
urine darkens with alkalinity
MSUD
maple syrup urine disease
leucine, isoleucine, valine accumulation
urine smells like maple syrup
infants- failure to survive, sever mental disabilities
2,4- dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH)- urine keto acids will produce a yellow ppt. when added
tryptophan disorders
indicanuria (blue urine)
5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid
blood, rbc, wbc, bacteria
UTI
blood, rbc, crystals
kidney stones
wbc, bacteria, rbcs +-
UTI
wbc, yeast, +- rbc
yeast infection
bacteria and no wbc
contamination
many squamous epithelial cells
poorly collected sample
many transitional epithelial cells
renal disease
many renal epithelial cells
renal disease
protein trace-1+, wbc, bacteria
UTI
trace-1+ protein, hyaline casts
renal disease/ exercise/ fever
protein 2+-4+
likely renal disease
2-4+ protein, hyaline casts, granular casts
renal disease
2-4+ protein, hyaline casts, granular casts. wbc casts, wbc, +- bacteria
acute pyelonephritis
2-4+ protein, hyaline casts, granular casts, rbc casts, rbc, +- wbc
acute glomerulonephritis
2-4+ protein, hyaline casts, granular casts, rbc casts, rbc, +- wbc,
waxy casts, hgb casts, broad casts
chronic glomerulonephritis
2-4+ protein, hyaline casts, granular casts, wbc casts, wbc, +- bacteria, waxy casts, broad casts
chronic pyelonephritis
all casts- fatty casts, 2-4 + protein, rbc, wbc, oval fat bodies, +- free fat
nephrotic syndrome
nephritic syndrom
hematuria
hypertension
possible proteinuria
ex. glomerulonephrtitis
nephrotic syndrome
significant proteinuria
edema
hyperlipidemia, hyperlipiduria
ex. minimal change disease, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, membranouse glomerulonephropathy, lupis nephritis
cystitis
UTI
wbc, bacteria, +- proteinuria (might see casts), hematuria, increased pH
acute pyelonephritis
untreated UTI bacteria move up UT
increased wbc, bacteria, hematuria, +- wbc/bacterial casts
acute glomerulonephritis
post infectious (strep most common)
hematuria, rbc casts, proteinuria, wbcs
transient GFR
chronic glomerulonephritis
hematuria, rbc casts, proteinuria, wbcs, many casts- broad and waxy
end stage renal disease
Minimal change disease is a type of what disorder?
nephrotic syndrome
glomerulonephritis is a type of what disorder?
nephritic syndrome
focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is a type of what disorder?
nephrotic syndrome
infantile polycystic kidney disease is what kind of disorder?
genetic
+ bilirubin, normal urobilinogen is indicative of what?
gallstones or carcinoma
+ bilirubin, + urobilinogen is indicative of what?
liver damage
- bilirubin, + urobilinogen is indicative of what?
hemolytic disease
