disease of the stomach Flashcards
ALS
What is acute gastritis?
Acute gastritis is a transient mucosal inflammatory process characterized by inflammation of the stomach lining.
What are some common causes of acute gastritis?
Common causes include NSAIDs, alcohol, smoking, uremia, sepsis, severe stress, ischemia, and shock.
What are the clinical features of acute gastritis?
Clinical features include epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, hematemesis, and melena.
Explain stress-related ulcers.
Stress-related ulcers are ulcers that develop due to severe physical stress, such as shock, sepsis, trauma, burns, or intracranial disease.
What are the types of stress ulcers?
Stress ulcers include Curling ulcer (associated with severe burns) and Cushing ulcer (associated with intracranial disease).
Define chronic gastritis.
Chronic gastritis is characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa and submucosa, which can lead to various complications.
List some etiological factors of chronic gastritis.
Etiological factors include H. pylori infection, autoimmune disorders, toxic factors (alcohol, smoking), reflux, radiation, and Crohn’s disease.
Describe the clinical features of chronic gastritis.
Clinical features include nausea, vomiting, and upper abdominal discomfort, which are typically less severe compared to acute gastritis.
What are the potential complications of chronic gastritis?
Complications may include peptic ulcer disease and gastric carcinoma.
What is gastric adenocarcinoma?
Gastric adenocarcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the stomach, arising from the glandular epithelium of the gastric mucosa.
What are some environmental factors associated with gastric adenocarcinoma?
Environmental factors include H. pylori infection and dietary factors.
Discuss the Lauren classification of gastric adenocarcinoma.
The Lauren classification categorizes gastric adenocarcinoma into Intestinal type (well-differentiated) and Diffuse type (poorly differentiated) based on histological features.
How does gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) typically present clinically?
GIST typically presents as an abdominal mass.
What are some genetic factors associated with GIST?
Genetic factors include overexpression of cKit and RAS genes.
