Disease dilemmas

Question 1

infectious diseases

Answer 1

A disease spread by pathogens e.g. parasites, bacteria, viruses, fungi. MOST can be transmitted between people

Question 2

Non-infectious

Answer 2

a non communicable disease due to age, genetic defects, life style choices e.g. cancer, heart disease.

Question 3

communicable diseases

Answer 3

an infectious disease that spreads from host to host

Question 4

non communicable disease

Answer 4

medical condition/disease which in non infectious and non transmissible among people.

Question 5

contagious disease

Answer 5

a class of infectious which is spread by contact or indirect contact between people e.g. Ebola or typhoid

Question 6

non contagious disease

Answer 6

a type of infectious disease that is not passes on between people. they can be spread by vectors such as mosquitoes or worms

Question 7

epidemic

Answer 7

a disease outbreak that spreads quickly through the population of a geographical area e.g. Ebola in west Africa

Question 8

endemic

Answer 8

a disease that exists permanently in a geographical area or human group e.g. sleeping sickness in sub Saharan Africa which is transmitted by a tsetse fly

Question 9

pandemic

Answer 9

an epidemic that spreads worldwide e.g. Spanish flu in 1918-1919 which affected 1/3 of the global population

Question 10

zoonotic disease

Answer 10

a disease that is passed from animals to humans

Question 11

vector

Answer 11

a carrier e.g. mosquitoes that transmits an infectious disease e.g. malaria

Question 12

Expansion diffusion

Answer 12

when a disease expands outwards from its source into new areas

Question 13

relocation diffusion

Answer 13

when a disease leaves its source/origin and moves to new areas. e.g. cholera outbreak in Haiti that came from Nepal

Question 14

contagious diffusion

Answer 14

spread of disease through direct contact with a carrier

Question 15

hierarchical diffusion

Answer 15

spreads through an ordered sequence of places usually from largest areas with high connectivity to smaller, more isolated areas.

Question 16

malnutrition

Answer 16

the result of an unbalanced diet especially deficiencies in protein (Kwashiorkor) and vitamins (rickets - vitamin D, scurvy - vitamin C and pellagra - vitamin B)

Question 17

Undernutrition

Answer 17

too little food intake to maintain body weight

Question 18

Mortality

Answer 18

death rates and infant mortality

Question 19

morbidity

Answer 19

illness and the reporting of disease

Question 20

Biopiracy

Answer 20

The exploitation of medicinal drugs from wild environments by pharmaceutical companies with little to no benefit to indigenous people

Question 21

Top down campaign

Answer 21

Disease eradication campaign which comes from the top/powerful global organisations such as governments and UN and trickles down onto local communities

Question 22

Grass root campaign

Answer 22

Strategy to combat disease that starts with local people and grows up to national