Disease Flashcards
Define a pathogen
Disease causing organism
What is a host?
Organism that is infected by a pathogen
What does the enzyme integrase do?
Catalyses reactions
What does protease do?
Breaks down large proteins
What does reverse transcriptase do?
Turns RNA into DNA by reverse transcription
How do viruses infected cells?
By integrating theor viral genome into host cells genome causing cells to make extra copies which bursts the cell
Why are new flu vaccines given each year?
Flu creates new variants which the vaccine would otherwise be ineffective to
What is TMV?
Virus which causes light green leaves and low crop
What is TB caused by?
Bacteria
How does TB effect cells?
Water droplets carrying disease release toxins from bacteria that damage the history cell
What is cholera caused by?
Bacteria
What is HIV caused by?
Virus
What is hypha?
Long branching structures of fungus containing one or more cells surrounded by tubular cell wall they also help make up mycelium
Hiw is cholera spread?
Through dirty water and poor sanitation
What is bacria cell walls made of?
Murein
What is black sigatoa caused by?
Fungal infection in plants
What plants are at risk of getting black sigatoa?
Bananas and plants in hot climates
What is ring rot caused by?
Bacteria
What is a sign of ring rot in a plant?
Ring of decay
What is potato blight caused by?
Protist
What is direct transmission?
Spread of a pathogen from 1 host to another
What is a droplet infection?
Droplets of a pathogen cause infection
What is athletes foot caused by?
Fungi
What is meningitis caused by?
Bacteria
Name some physical barriers, plant defenses
Waxy cuticle
Bark on trees
Cellulose cell wall
What is cellulose made of?
Beta glucose