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Microbio > Disease > Flashcards

Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Condition of the living body that impairs normal functioning

A

Disease

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2
Q

Objective changes that can be measured or observed

A

Signs

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3
Q

Subjective changes that are not apparent

A

Symptoms

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4
Q

A specific group of signs/symptoms that accompany a specific disease

A

Syndrome

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5
Q

No clinical signs/symptoms

A

Subclinical

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6
Q

Sudden onset but brief duration

A

Acute

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7
Q

Life time condition

A

Chronic

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8
Q

in between acute and chronic

A

Subacute

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9
Q

Occur rapidly and severe intensity

A

Fulminant

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10
Q

apparent disease with specific known cause

A

Primary

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11
Q

Microbial invasion subsequent to primary infection

A

Secondary

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12
Q

Multiple acute episodes

A

Recurrent

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13
Q

Easily transmissible disease

A

Contagious

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14
Q

Subclinical carrier state that is not transmissible

A

Dormant

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15
Q

Confined to small area of the body

A

Localized

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16
Q

Spreads through many parts of the body

A

Systemic

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17
Q

Number of new cases in a specific period

A

Incidence Rate

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18
Q

Number of individuals with disease at any one time

A

Prevalence

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19
Q

Number of active cases / number of people exposed

A

Attack Rate

20
Q

Reproduction rate, number of people someone will get sick

A

R knot

21
Q

Incidence rate or prevalence (running total of cases)

A

Morbidity

22
Q

Death rate

A

Mortality

23
Q

Occurs in a single or scattered instances

A

Sporadic

24
Q

Aggregation of cases within limited area and time

A

Cluster

25
Q

Constantly prevalent in population

A

Endemic

26
Q

An endemic with persistent high levels

A

Hyperendemic

27
Q

When the incidence rate substantially exceeds what is expected

A

Outbreak

28
Q

An outbreak that spreads rapidly to many peoplw

A

Epidemic

29
Q

An epidemic that spreads across a large region

A

Pandemic

30
Q

Science that studies when and where diseases occur, transmission, and predisposing factors

A

Epidemiology

31
Q

A continual source of the disease

A

Reservoir

32
Q

Human reservoirs that do not become ill

A

Carriers

33
Q

Diseases in animals that can be transmitted to humans

A

Zoonoses

34
Q

An infection acquired from a hospital stay

A

Nosocomial Infection

35
Q

Movement of pathogen from one source to another

A

Transmission

36
Q

Direct contact or interaction (touch, cough, sneeze)

A

Contact transmission

37
Q

Infectious droplet nuclei (floating around)

A

Airborne Transmission

38
Q

Interaction with non living carriers (Blood, food, surface)

A

Vehicle Transmission

39
Q

Disease is carried by another organism and needs them to live

A

Biological Vector Transmission

40
Q

Disease is transmitted by another organism but can live on its own

A

Mechanical Vector Transmission

41
Q

How many microbes it takes to get half the population sick

A

ID 50

42
Q

First introduction to microbes

A

Incubation Period

43
Q

Short period of early, mild symptoms

A

Prodromal Phase

44
Q

Most acute with apparent signs

A

Illness Phase

45
Q

Symptoms begin to diminish, most susceptible to secondary infection

A

Decline Phase

46
Q

Back to normal state, may still be infectious

A

Convalescence Period

Microbio (10 decks)

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