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Anatomy & Physiology > Discussion Questiona > Flashcards

Discussion Questiona Flashcards

1
Q

What do all ruminants have in their eye?

A

Tapetum lucidem

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2
Q

What does the pineal gland produce?

A

Melatonin

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3
Q

The watery fluid that fills the vitreous body behind the lens, which is constantly being produced and absorbed is known as:

A

Aqueous Humor

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4
Q

What are the three layers of meninges?

A

Pia mater, arachnoid, dura mater

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5
Q

What is the largest part of the human brain?

A

the cerebrum

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6
Q

What is the innermost layer of the eyeball?

A

the retina

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7
Q

The gray matter of the brain is the

A

nerve cell bodies

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8
Q

Which part of the eye is responsible for light coming into the eye

A

the iris

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9
Q

What is the opening in the center of the iris?

A

the pupil

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10
Q

What lobe is associated with movement, orientation, recognition, and the perception of the stimuli?

A

Parietal lobe

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11
Q

What is the iridescent part of the choroid layer responsible for night vision in some animals?

A

Tapetum lucidum

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12
Q

What is between the cerebrum and midbrain?

A

Thalamus

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13
Q

The midbrain is an important relay center for

A

Information to and from the cerebrum

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14
Q

Which lobe is associated with reasoning, planning, parts of speech, movement, emotions, and problem solving?

A

Frontal lobe

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15
Q

What is the pigmented, vascular layer which prevents internal reflection of light rays?

A

Choroid

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16
Q

Where are eye fluids produced?

A

Ciliary body

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17
Q

What is the function of the anterior chamber?

A

It regulates the amount of light entering the eye

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18
Q

What is a cluster of nerve cell bodies located outside the CNS?

A

Ganglion

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19
Q

What serves as a part of the BBB protecting the CNS?

A

Pia mater

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20
Q

What is the external special sense that correlates to touch?

A

Tactition

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21
Q

What does the Fovea contains only

A

cones

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22
Q

What is the area of the retina with the most acute vision?

A

Macula

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23
Q

Where is the optic nerve located?

A

In the back of the eye

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24
Q

What part of the brain is known as the “little brain”?

A

Cerebellum

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25
Q

What is the transparent outer covering of the front of the eye?

A

Cornea

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26
Q

The cerebellum is responsible for

A

balance, movement, motor functions

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27
Q

What contains rods and cones in the eye?

A

the retina

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28
Q

Which layer of the meninges makes up the outermost covering and is regarded to be very tough?

A

Dura mater

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29
Q

What major external special senses is for taste?

A

Gustation

30
Q

What is the tough, white outer layer which protects and gives shape to the eyeball?

A

the Sclerotic coat

31
Q

The hippocampus is thought to resemble a

A

seahorse

32
Q

What is the relay center to and from the cerebrum?

A

Thalamus

33
Q

What is the pons from the spinal cord to the rest of the brain (and vice versa) referred to as?

A

The bridge

34
Q

What are the 5 major external senses?

A

vision, touch tactician, taste gustation, smell olfaction, hearing audition

35
Q

What causes the eye to move in many directions?

A

Voluntary skeletal muscles

36
Q

Which part of the eye gives you your eye color?

A

Iris

37
Q

What controls the anterior and posterior pituitary glands?

A

Hypothalamus

38
Q

This area, where the optic nerve leaves the retina, is commonly called the blind spot due to lack of rods or cones

A

Optic disk

39
Q

Which function is associated with the Occipital lobe?

A

visual processing

40
Q

A clear, watery fluid within the eye that is constantly being produced and reabsorbed. A buildup of this results in glaucoma and an increase in intraocular pressure

A

Aqueous Humor

41
Q

The cerebellum has a distinctive _________ ________, also known as the Tree of Life

A

Arbor Vitae

42
Q

Where does the nerve leaves the retina and there are no rods or cones, this is what causes the blind spot

A

optic disk

43
Q

What is the scientific term for near-sightedness?

A

Myopia

44
Q

What part of the eye protects and gives shape to the eyeball?

A

Cornea

45
Q

What do Schwann Cells produce?

A

Myelin Sheath

46
Q

Which body in the eyeball do cataracts affect?

A

Lens

47
Q

What does the suspensory ligament attach do?

A

Lens

48
Q

What is critical in coordinating functions between the right and left hemispheres?

A

Corpus Callosum

49
Q

What is the name of the connective tissue sheath that surrounds each axon?

A

Endoneurium

50
Q

What two parts makes up the brain stem?

A

Medulla Oblongata & Pons

51
Q

Are the ciliary muscles relaxed or contracted when looking at a distant object?

A

Relaxed

52
Q

The occipital lobe is closely associated with what function?

A

Visual stimulus

53
Q

What is the waterlike liquid in the eye? The buildup of this liquid will cause what?

A

Aqueous Humor
Glaucoma

54
Q

Why do birds, fish, and whales tend to have a bigger cerebellum?

A

Because they move in 3D instead of one

55
Q

What part of the brain is a bundle of axons that goes from one side of the brain to the other and helps coordinate functions between the 2 hemispheres?

A

Corpus Callosum

56
Q

What is the largest part of the sheep brain?

A

Cerebrum

57
Q

Your patient presents with loss of vision over time; you believe they have a tumor somewhere in their brain. Where might the tumor be growing to cause vision loss?

A

Pituitary gland

58
Q

What are the two largest contributors to developing cataracts?

A

Age and diabetes

59
Q

Which part of the eye functions in bright light and color perception?

A

Cones

60
Q

What is the infundibulum also known as?

A

The “pituitary stalk”

61
Q

The anterior chamber is filled with

A

aqueous humor

62
Q

Cones function in _______ light & rods function in __________ light

A

bright
dim

63
Q

The hypothalamus is a diffuse area right below the __________ and above the ____________

A

thalamus
pituitary

64
Q

Do you use rods or cones when it is dark outside?

A

Rods

65
Q

What is the name of the cross section structure, found connected to the optic nerves and the brain?

A

Optic chiasm

66
Q

What are the ridges of the brain called? The grooves?

A

gyri
sulci

67
Q

What is responsible for seasonal effects and our response to daily photoperiodic rhythms?

A

Pineal gland

68
Q

What does the relationship between gyri and sulci and the surface area of the brain have?

A

the more gyri and sulci, the more surface area

69
Q

What part of the eye is responsible for eyeshine? (when the pupils grow in response to light)

A

Tapetum lucidum

70
Q
A

Anatomy & Physiology (9 decks)

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