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Special Education > Disability Categories > Flashcards

Disability Categories Flashcards

1
Q

What are the IDEA eligibility categories?

A 
Autism
Deaf-blindness
Developmental Delay
Emotional Disturbance
Hearing Impairment
Intellectual Disability
Multiple Disabilities
Orthopedic Impairment
Other Health Impairment
Speech Language Impairment
Traumatic Brain Injury
Specific Learning Disability
Visual Impairment
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2
Q

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Definition
Prevalence

A

ADHD inattentive, ADHD Hyperactive-impulse, ADHD Combined (*Issues with Age, Exclusive inattentive, Child/Adult)
Prevalence - 5-10%. Boys > Girls 4-1

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3
Q

ADHD

Assessment

A 
Professionals usually use four methods to assessment:
Medical Exam
Clinical Interview
Teacher and Parent Rating Scales
Behavioral Observation
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4
Q

ADHD

Characteristics

A

Behavioral Inhibition, Executive Functioning (self regulation), Time awareness and management, Persistent goal-directed behavior
__6 symptoms or more for at least 6 mn

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5
Q

ADHD

General Treatments

A

Medications - Ritalin, Dexedrine, Adderall

Behavioral Management - Functional Behavioral Assessment, Structure, Self-management system (with rewards)

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6
Q

Learning Disabilities
Definition
Prevalence

A

Disorder in basic psychological processes involved in understanding/using language, spoken or written, manifesting in an imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or do math.
*Must have normal seeing, hearing, average IQ (85-115) Educational trouble not from inadequate experience or culture
Prevalence - 5.2% Boys > Girls 4-1

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7
Q

LD

Assessment

A

Curriculum-based measurement
Informal measures
Response to Intervention (RTI)

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8
Q

LD

Characteristics

A

Academic Deficits (80% are reading/language), Attention deficits and hyperactivity, Metacognition definitions, Language, Memory, Perceptual, Cognition Deficits
Social-emotional problems
Motor Skills & Coordination Problems

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9
Q

LD

General Treatments

A

Wait and Fail
Direct Instruction - Explicit and Systematic
Peer Tutoring
Cognitive training (thought processes, strategies for learning, teaching self-initiative)

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10
Q

Emotional or Behavioral Disorders
Definition
Prevalence

A

Chronic, extreme behavior that is unacceptable in social or cultural norms and has adverse educational effects.
One of Five Problems:Learning not from int, senses, or health; relationships; inappropraite behaviors/feelings; depression; physical systems/phobias associated with personal or school problems. (Includes Schizophrenia)
Prevalence - 6-10% (1% served) Boys>Girls 5-1

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11
Q

EBD

Assessment

A

Formal Screen, Informal measures

Standardized Scales or Observations

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12
Q

EBD

Characteristics

A

Externalizing Behaviors - Physical aggression, relational aggression (ODD, Conduct Disorder)
Internalizing Behaviors - Withdrawn, lonely, anxious (anorexia, depression)

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13
Q

EBD

General Treatments

A

Functional Behavior Analysis - Problem solving process, identify behavior, causes, and interventions
Behavioral Intervention Plan (>10days)

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14
Q

Intellectual Disabilities
Definition
Prevalence

A

Significant limitations both in intellectual functioning an in adaptive behavior as expressed in conceptual, social, and practical adaptive skills. This disability originates before age 18
IQ Girls

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15
Q

ID

Assessment

A 
IQ tests (RTI?)
Parent, Teacher, Professional rating scales
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16
Q

ID

Characteristics

A

IQ < 70 and Adaptive discrepancy

Down Syndrome, Fragile X, FAS

17
Q

ID

General Treatments

A

Levels of Support
Functional and Academic Skills
Transition (self-determination)

18
Q

Speech and Language Impairments
Definition
Prevalence

A

Language or Speech (The system or the neuromuscular activity)
Prevalence - 6% speech
Prevalence - 1% language

19
Q

S/L Impairments

Assessment

A

Speech Pathologists

Curriculum Based Language Assessment

20
Q

S/L Impairments

Characteristics

A 
Primary/Second
Phonological - understanding sound systems
Articulation - producing correct sounds
Voice - pitch, loudness, quality
Fluency - maintaining flow
Motor-Speech - neuromotor damage
21
Q

S/L Impairments

General Treatments

A

Progress monitoring -Teach, test, Reteach
What about, how, functional speech
Early Intervention

22
Q

Autism
Definition
Prevalence

A

Clinically significant deficits in comm. and interactions and by restricted repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, and activities.
<1%

23
Q

Autism

Assessment

A

Criteria of comm. skills, social interactions, and repetitive/stereotyped patterns of behavior
Scales/Interviews for Clinicians

24
Q

Autism

Characteristics

A 
Issues with communication (desire, ability)
Cognitive deficits similar to ID
Executive Functions (self-regulation)
Repetitive behavior
Abnormal sensory
25
Q

Autism

General Treatments

A

Applied Behavioral Analysis
Positive Behavioral Intervention and Support, Picture Exchange Comm. System, Social Stories
Intensive structured, family

26
Q

Gifted and Talented
Definition
Prevalence

A

Different and more mature interests, benefit from faster pace, need peers.
Iowa Outstanding abilities, high performance. General IQ, Creative, Leadership, Visual/performing arts, Specific Ability.
Prevalence - 3-5%

27
Q

Gifted and Talented

Assessment

A

Individual intelligence tests

Nomination: interests/accomplishments

28
Q

Gifted and Talented

Characteristics

A

Read at early age
Multidimensional skills
Like School/Learning
*

29
Q

Gifted and Talented

General Treatments

A

Enrichment, Grouping, Acceleration

30
Q

Low Incidence Disabilities

Definition

A

Severe disability, requires highly specialized services in order to participate/self-fulfillment
Prevalence - <1%

31
Q

Low Incidence

Assessment

A

As appropriate for disability

Testing, observations, scales, physicals

32
Q

Low Incidence

Characteristics

A 
Blind/Deaf
Developmental Delay,
Serious Physical issues/Impairments
Multiple disabilities
Autism
33
Q

Low Incidence

General Treatments

A

Communication, behavior management, early intervention, transition plans
Augmentative or alternative communication AAC

Special Education (3 decks)

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