Disabilities, Challenges and Assistive Technologies Flashcards
This model is presented as viewing disability as a problem of the person, directly caused by disease, trauma, or other health condition
Medical model
This model’s strength is addressing the biological sources of disabilities
Medical model
This model’s weakness is treating an individual’s disability as the problem, often overlooking the broader sociopolitical constraints imposed by unwelcoming or inaccessible environments.
Medical model
True or False: The medical model of disability focuses solely on the biological aspects of disability.
True
In this model, disability is not an attribute of an individual, but rather a complex collection of conditions, many of which are created by the social environment.
Social model
This model’s strength is ensuring that the world is designed to accommodate a wide range of human characteristics and abilities.
Social model
This model’s weakness is that it tends to downplay the embodied aspects of disabilities too much, as if disability had nothing to do with bodily characteristics at all
Social model
This model recognizes that disability is a complex and multi-faceted concept and incorporates the perspectives of the medical and social models.
Biopsychosocial Model
This model defines disability by a person’s inability to participate in work. It also assesses the degree to which impairment affects an individual’s productivity and the economic consequences for the individual, employer and
the state.
Economic model
This model’s strength is that it recognizes the effect of bodily limitations on a person’s ability to work, and there may be a need for economic support and / or accommodations for the person’s disability.
Economic model
This model’s weakness is that it creates a legally defined category of people who are needy, which can be stigmatizing for people with disabilities
Economic model
This model takes a practical approach to disability by identifying the functional impairments, or limitations, that are a result of disability.
Functional Solutions Model
This model’s strength is that it is results-oriented.
Functional Solutions Model
This model’s weakness is that it may focus too much on creating practical technological solutions, that it may miss opportunities to address the larger social context.
Functional Solutions Model
This model refers to a sense of deriving one’s personal identity from membership within a group of like-minded individuals.
Social Identity
This model’s strength is that it accepts the person’s disability completely
and uses it as a point of pride in being associated with other people in a similar condition.
Social Identity
This model’s weakness is that the feelings of belonging felt by one group of people can be counterbalanced by a feeling of exclusion by people who don’t fit the group’s expectations.
Social Identity
This model treats disabilities as unfortunate or tragic conditions worthy of special treatment.
Charity Model
This model’s strength is that it inspire people to contribute their time and / or resources to provide assistance when it is genuinely needed.
Charity Model
This model’s weakness is that it can be condescending toward people with disabilities, who may come to resent the feeling that they are the object of pity by other people, and that they must depend on accepting this pity on a continual basis.
Charity Model
a sensory disability involving nearly complete vision loss
Blindness
True or False: The majority of people with vision impairment are over 50 years of age.
True
a sensory disability that impairs a person’s ability to distinguish certain color combinations, most common being red and green
color blindness
True or False: Blue-Yellow color blindness only affects men.
False, this form of color blindness affects both men and women equally. This condition occurs in fewer than 1 in 10,000 people worldwide.
This disability is an uncorrectable vision loss that interferes with daily activities. It is better defined in terms of function, rather than numerical test results.
Low Vision
True or False: Low vision can be corrected with glasses, contacts or surgery.
False – Most eye care professionals prefer to use the term “low vision” to describe permanently reduced vision that cannot be corrected with regular glasses, contact lenses, medicine, or surgery.
A person with this disability will benefit from magnification + high contrast text.
Low vision
This disability is the total or near total loss of hearing.
Deafness
This disability refers to people with hearing loss ranging from mild to severe, who still have some useful hearing, and may communicate through sign language, spoken language, or both understand spoken language in some situations, with or without amplification.
Hard of Hearing (HOH)
People with this disability have difficulty with, among other things, locating the source of a sound, understanding what someone is saying if the environment is loud or there are competing sounds, following spoken directions, learning songs or instruments, paying attention, responding in a timely way, or learning a new language.
Central Auditory Processing Disorder
This is a rare condition, that requires touch as the primary means of
communication.
Deaf-blindness
A speech disorder involving difficulties in producing specific types of sounds. This disorder involves substitution of one sound for another, slurring of speech, or indistinct speech.
articulation
This articulation disorder occurs when a person continues to make mistakes past a certain age.
A speech sound disorder
This articulation disorder occurs when there are patterns of not saying words
correctly.
A phonological process disorder
This articulation disorder occurs when a person has trouble moving muscles required to talk.
A motor speech disorder
A person with this disability may not be able to recognize words or understand what is being said, be unable to speak or have difficulty saying what they mean, difficulty forming sentences and omitting words.
Aphasia
This is the inability to speak and can be caused by damage to the brain and / or speech muscles, by emotional or psychological reasons, or by a combination of causes.
Mutism / No Speech
Some examples of this mobility disability include
- difficulty tying shoelaces
- inability to do up buttons or zippers
- difficulty using a keyboard
- taking a long time to pick up small objects
Manual Dexterity / Fine Motor Control
This mobility disability causes impairments to a person’s ability to walk which may be caused by congenital conditions, disease, or injury, such as cerebral palsy, neuromuscular disorders, amputation, arthritis, and back injuries.
Ambulation
This mobility disability is often defined as an overwhelming sense of tiredness, lack of energy and feeling of exhaustion, and it relates to a difficulty in performing voluntary tasks.
Muscle Fatigue
These are disabilities caused by a variety of disorders that affect a person’s stature, proportions or shape. Examples include acromegaly, dwarfism, rheumatoid arthritis, and obesity
Body Size / Shape
“Seating that is too small, or at the wrong height” is a barrier for which disability?
Body Size / Shape
This disability is characterized by significant limitations both in intellectual functioning (reasoning, learning, problem solving) and in adaptive behavior, which covers a range of everyday social and practical skills.
Intellectual Disabilities
