Disabilities Flashcards
Difference b/w INTELLECTUAL and DEVELOPMENTAL disability?
Intellectual disability: Restriction/limitations in intellectual fuunctionang and adaptive behavior as expressed in conceptual, social and practical adaptive skills. - BEFORE AGE 18 (brain function, not necessarily intelligence) - i.e. Cognitive Impairment - NO LONGER called mental retardation
Developmental: restriction/lack of ability dealing w/ lack of DEVELOPMENT
What percent of individuals with disabilities have a significant vision impairment (strab/decreased acuity)?
Individuals with disabilities have a ____X increased chance in blindness
1/2 - 2/3 (50-66%)
200X!!!!
The vast majority of patients with intellectual disabilities are in which two categories (i.e. mild or severe, etc.)?
MILD (85%), MODERATE (10%) - you should try to see these!
-severe and profound and much fewer
Most common NEUROgenic intellectual disability?
What are the two GENETIC intellectual disabilities?
CP
-Down’s Syndrome, Fragile X
KEY thing to keep in mind w/ CP patients regarding their level of intellectual function?
50% of them have NORMAL IQs!!!!
CAN’T assume pt’s intelligence just by looking at them.
CP: NON-progressive, LOCOMOTION dysfunction d/t lesion in immature brain
Three types of CP? (SAA) - Key characteristics of each:
-WHICH is MOST COMMON?
SPASTIC - MOST COMMON - quad/di/hemiplegia
ATHETOID - hallmark slow, writhing mvmts
ATAXIC - FINE motor dysfxn
Do young or old mothers have the highest incidence of children w/ Down’s syndrome?
YOUNG mothers - highest INCIDENCE
OLDER mothers - highest PREVALENCE
DSM - development and statistical manual of mental disorders
Four DSM categories for AUTISM under DSM 5? Which was removed? [ACAP]
A - autism disorder - language, social skills, repetitive restricted behaviors
C - childhood disintegrative disorder
A - aspergers disorder
P - pervasive developmental disorder (Not otherwise specified - NOS)
-RHETT syndrome removed
A patient with CHARGE syndrome likely has a _____
If it’s on the optic nerve, it’s likely to be ____ (location), thus creating a _____ VF defect.
Will also complain of tons of p_____
COLOBOMA - likely INFERIOR - SUPERIOR VF defect.
-highly PHOTOPHOBIC - d/t massive reflection from incomplete closure of inferior optic nerve - light bounces around inside eye.
Three most prevalent visual impairment conditions in children ages birth-3?
CVI (24%), OTHER (24%), ROP (17%)
Differences between:
- TEACHER of the visually impaired,
- O&M SPECIALIST,
- Certified vision rehab therapist
- Teacher: university-trained, braille, with SOME eye knowledge
- O&M: works within/some are eye docs that practice, include kids AND adults
- Certified vis rehab: ….
In examining a special needs patient, is the inability (or the lack thereof) an indicator as to HOW intellectually disabled the patient is?
NO - they’re NOT related whatsoever.
“it is not the patient who is uncooperative; rather, the issue is the doctor who is unable to establish an environment in which the patient can successfully perform”
remember that.
