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CPL - Navigation > Direction, Distance & Charts > Flashcards

Direction, Distance & Charts Flashcards

1
Q

The actual shape of the Earth is a:

A

Oblated Spheroid

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2
Q

True North, True South and the Equator for the basis of the …..

A

Grid that defines latitude and longitude

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3
Q

Lines that run parallel to the equator are known as …..

A

Parallels of Latitude

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4
Q

There are an ….. number of parallels of latutude

A

infinate

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5
Q

A meridian of longitude cuts a ….. plane

A

vertical

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6
Q

What are the 2 parts of a meridian of longitude?

A
  1. The meridian
  2. The anti meridian
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7
Q

Where is the zero or prime meridian?

A

Greenwhich in England

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8
Q

Coordinates are devided into 3 parts, name them:

A
  1. Degrees o
  2. Minutes ‘
  3. Seconds “
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9
Q

When describing meridians and parallels some times instead of minutes and seconds we use:

A

decimal points eg S23o 36”

=

S23.6o

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10
Q

The coordinates for every aerodrome in Australia can be found in which publication?

A

The ERSA

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11
Q

True Direction:

The datum that we use to measure direction is?

A

True north

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12
Q

How do we measre true direction?

A

We measure the angle clockwise from true north

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13
Q

A rhumb line can be defined as …..

A

A line that crosses meridians of longitude at the same angle

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14
Q

Rhumb line:

To cut the meridians of longitude at the same angle the rhumb line must …..

A

curve, concave to the pole and spiral into the pole.

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15
Q

A loxodrome can be defined as…..

A

a rhumb line that curvs, concaves and spirals towards the pole

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16
Q

The exception to a rhumb line would be …..

A

an east west heading - there would be no rhumb line since you would be flying parallel to the datum i.e. the equator

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17
Q

How many rhumb lines can you draw between any 2 points on the Earth

A

1

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18
Q

If we join 2 points on the Earths surface with a single line that does not necessarily cut the meridians of longitude at the same angle we have a …..

A

Great circle

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19
Q

The great circle path indicates the ….. path between 2 points on the Earths surface

A

shortest

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20
Q

An …… number of great circles can be drawn on the Earths surface

A

infinate

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21
Q

How many great circles can be drawn between any 2 points on the Earths surface?

A

1

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22
Q

Magnetic Variation can be defined as …..

A

The difference between true north and the direction of the Earths magnetic field at any given location

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23
Q

Magnetic variation in Australia varies by …..

A

15o E to 2o W

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24
Q

Variation East -

A

Magnetic Least

25
Variation West -
Magnetic Best
26
What is the magnetic heading to steer: - 045oT - Variation East 10o
Variation East - Magnetic Least Therfore Magnetic Heading = 035oM
27
What is the magnetic heading to steer: - 045oT - Variation West 10o
Variation West - Magnetic Best Therefore Magnetic Heading = 055oM
28
What is the magnetic heading to steer: - 075oT - Variation East 7o
Variation East - Magnetic Least 068o 
29
What is the magnetic heading to steer: - 335oT - Variation East 5o
Variation East - Magnetic Least 330o 
30
What is the magnetic Variation: - 154o T - 161o M
Variation West - Magnetic Best therefore Variation = 161 - 154 = 7oW
31
What is the magnetic variation: - 309oT - 298oM
Variation East - Magnetic Least Therefore Variation = 298o + ..... = 309oT 11oE
32
Compass Direction: The errors known to be present in a compass as a result of electrical circuits, engines ect is known as .....
Deviation
33
A compass deviation card .....
Provides the pilot the deviation corrections for the various headings
34
True direction is found by measuring the ....
track in a clockwise direction in relation to the meridian
35
Magnetic Variation is found by .....
referring to the isognal on the given map being used
36
Deviation is applied to the ..... heading
Magnetic
37
Compass deviation can be found on the .....
deviation card in the cockpit
38
The Mercator Projecton uses what shape to project features of a sphere onto a flat piece of paper?
A cylinder
39
In the mercator projection the most accurat part of the map is the ..... .... .....
line of tangency
40
In a mercator projection map all parallels of latitude and meridian of longitude appear as .....
parallel
41
A straight line drawn on a mercator chart cuts all meridians at the same angle since they are straight and parallel, therefore this drawn line must represent a ..... .....
rhumb line
42
On a mercator chart a great circle appears as a ..... ..... pointing towards the nearest ......
curved line pointing towards the nearest pole
43
The further you get away from the line of tangency on a mecator chart the ......
more distorted the scale becomes
44
The distortion on a mecator chart is a result of .....
the scale changing ever more rapidly as distance increases from the line of tangency
45
We can fix the distortion in a mecator chart projection by using a ......
transverse mecator projection which moves the cylinder to the required meridian
46
Mecator projections are useful for close in charts like .....
VTCs
47
A transvers mercator projection has the cylinder in a ..... position
horizontal
48
A mercator projection has the cylinder in a ..... position
vertical
49
A transvers mercator chart has how many straight meridians?
Just one and no others are parallel since the cylinder is placed horozontially
50
Conical projections use a ..... instead of a ......
cone instead of a cylinder
51
A lambert conical projection passes through how many standard parallels?
2
52
Projections onto lambert conical charts within the standard parallels will cause the scale to be .... ....
slightly compressed
53
Projections outside of the standard parallels on a lambert conical projection chart will cause the scale to ..... .....
expand rapidly
54
Lambert charts join perfectly ..... to .....
East to west
55
Lambert charts don't join ..... to ..... because .....
north to south because that would require another 2 standard parallels changing the shape of the cone and hence the projection
56
Great circles on lambert charts appear as ..... .....
straight lines
57
Rhumb lines on lambert charts appear as .....
concaved towards the nearest pole
58
Lambert charts are used for ..... and ..... and are perfect for .....
ERC and WAC and are perfect for radio navigation
59
On a lambert chart the meridians ..... towards the pole
converge

CPL - Navigation (9 decks)

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