Directed reading names, years and journals Flashcards
Are global conservation efforts successful?
Rodrigues et al 2006, Science
Assisted colonisation
Hoegh-Guldberg et al 2008, Science
are bioclimatic envelope models useful?
Pearson et al 2003, Global Ecology and Biogeography
Comments on SPP and DPP
Caughley 1994, Journal of Animal Ecology
Confounding factors in detection of species to habitat fragmentation
Ewers et al 2007, Biological Reviews
Ecosystem services mapping
Naidoo et al 2008, PNAS
Global biodiversity conservation priority schemes
Brooks et al 2006, Science
New conservation techniques
Marvier 2013, Conservation Biology
Potential negative effects of corridors…
Haddad et al 2014, Conservation Biology
Value of the redlist
Rodrigues et al 2006, Trends in Ecology and Evolution
How does CC cause extinction?
Cahill et al 2013, Proc Roy Soc B
High plant D needed for ESs?
EXTERNAL
Isbell et al 2011, Nature
Rapid range shifts EXTERNAL
Chen 2011, Science
CITES - support of local communities EXTERNAL
Abensperg-Traun 2009, Biological Conservation
Diagnosing bird pop declines EXTERNAL
Green 1195 Ibis
Rodrigues
Seems to be decrease in bird extinctions in 20-21st century - due to extinctions underestimated (lag of diagnosis due to Romeo error) But have identified 31 spp saved by conservation
Hoegh-Guldberg - science
Low latitude population introductions to deal with higher temps as broader thermal tolerance - stag horn coral e.g.
Consider socio-econimic concerns, large carnivores or toxic plants to livestock area - ex situ conservation = store frozen gametes
Pearson et al
Evolutionary change affecting spp distributions
- bush crickets showed increased fraction of longer-winged individuals in populations = greater dispersal ability
- not recognised by envelope model
Caughley
DPP needs more theory to successfully apply, and SPP needs more practice, not very useful for endangered spp
Hendrick et al
Comments on Caughley
-SPP provides useful theory and background for principles and experiment ideas to be tested for diagnosis of causes, providing guidance to conservation efforts - the Florida panther
Ewers et al
Effects of fragmentation are magnified when there are interactions with CC, human-altered disturbance and spp interactions
Dont know long-term impacts of fragmentation as its recent
Naidoo et al
Carbon storage and sequestration globally disposed and don’t depend on local beneficiaries - highest in low-human-density and high-biodiversity wilderness areas
Water provision and grassland production of livestock benefits with people closer
-lack of spatial concordance with biodiversity and ESs
Brooks et al
Challenges with current prioritisation strategies
•not incorperate of megadiverse invertebrate taxa
•aquatic systems feature poorly in these, only 1 explicitly incorporates these systems
•freshwater priorities and effort to identify them lag even further behind
Marvier
PAs not enough - extinction still high
-need community support in them, otherwise they will be downgraded and downsized
Need to reach wider population by demonstrating and teaching ppl of benefits of wildlife - as they don’t want to protect it for its own sake
Need to welcome diverse people with diverse motivations for protecting nature
Haddad et al
No support found for negative effects of corridors - are small and manageable, outweighed by positive effects
-no effects of predators or pathogens from corridors
(but predator studies don’t look at prey populations)
-no evidence for unwanted distrubances or non-native species invasion (but not been well studied)
no support due to lack of sufficient data?
Rodrigues et al
Very useful not only for determination of threats but the data it gives you on the spp
•Needs more funding and standardisation to increase data - lack of data on spp big problem, and lack of taxonomic knowledge problem too
Cahill et al
Approaches for finding proximate causes:
-document local extinctions
-test whether pops gone extinction by comparing past and present ranges
-survey these areas (transects) around ranges where could be limited by climatic factors
-resurvey (avoid Romeo error)
-determine if related to global CC trends
-correlative analyses of which causes involved
-test with mechanistic analyses
(physiological tolerances etc.)
Green
Correlative trends may be misleading if birds can move between selected areas of comparison
-manipulative experiments should be carried out
Isabell et al
plant diversity = more ESs
- 87% of 147 plant species promoted ecosystem functioning at least once
- in different years, places, in different functions and under different environmental change scenarios
Chen
Estimated shifts of spp to higher elevation 2-3x faster than previously reported
Greatest movements where the highest levels of warming were shown - shifts being sufficient to track temperature changes
-internal spp traits and external drivers important too as there is variability
Venables et al
Demonstrated the economic value of manta ray and whale shark species in Momzabique to government, as people willing to pay large amounts of money to dive there - ecotourism ESs to try and enhance their conservation status and prevent exploitation
