DIGESTIVE TRACT

Question 1

WHAT IS THE MESSENTARIES

Answer 1

-prevent digestive tract from twisting on itself and provide passway for blood vessels and nerves

Question 2

MUCOSA

Answer 2

-lines mouth to anus
-secrete mucus
-absorb
-protect

Question 3

LAMINA PROPRIA

Answer 3

-nourish epithelium and absorb digested nutrients
-part of MALT

Question 4

BLOOD SUPPLY

Answer 4

-splanchnic circulation

Question 5

WHAT IS PARACRINE SIGNALING?

Answer 5

-a form of cell to cell communication
-cells produces signal to induce behaviour change in cell

Question 6

WHAT DOES STOMACH ACID DO?

Answer 6

-activates pepsin and lingual lipase
-breaks up connective tissues
-converts ferric ions to ferrous ions
-destroys ingested pathogens

Question 7

AMYLASE ALLOWS US TO DIGEST

Answer 7

CARBOHYDRATES

Question 8

WHAT IS ANKYLOGLOSSIA?

Answer 8

-children born with short frenulum
-known as “tongue tied”
-can cause speech troubles
-solved by snipping frenulum

Question 9

MECHANICAL DIGESTION

Answer 9

-physical breakdown of food into smaller particles
-can include emulsification of fats in S.I

Question 10

CHEMICAL DIGESTION

Answer 10

-undergo hydrolysis reaction
-break down complex macromolecules
-uses enzymes

Question 11

MUCOSAL BARRIER

Answer 11

-stomachs protection for acidity of gastric juices
-consists of:
1. bicarbonate rich mucus
2. tight junctions
3. damaged cells are shed quickly

Question 12

WHERE DOES FAT ABSORPTION PRIMARILY OCCUR?

Answer 12

SMALL INTESTINE BY PANCREATIC LIPASES

Question 13

INTRINSIC FACTOR

Answer 13

-only function of the stomach that is essential to life is the secretion of this
-required for absorption of B12 to produce mature erythrocytes
-without this pernicious anemia occurs

Question 14

PERNICIOUS ANEMIA

Answer 14

-decrease in B12 = decrease in EMF = pernicious amenia
-also caused by immuno disorder that attacks the paritel cells

Question 15

ROLE OF BILE IN SMALL INTESTINE

Answer 15

-break down fats
-nutrient absorption
-waste elimination
-feces color

Question 16

MALT

Answer 16

-called Peyer’s Patches
-located in lamina propria

Question 17

HIGH FAT EFFECT IN S.I

Answer 17

-bile produced in liver is secreted into S.I to digest fats and absorb fatty acids

Question 18

PROTEINS ARE BROKEN DOWN INTO…

Answer 18

1. large polypeptides
2. small polypeptides and peptides
3. finally into amino acids into capillaries

Question 19

WHERE DOES PROTEIN DIGESTION BEGIN?

Answer 19

-in the stomach at low PH to convert pepsinogen into pepsin

Question 20

WHY IS LIPID DIGESTION MORE DIFFICULT

Answer 20

-THEY ARE HYDROPHOBIC

Question 21

BILE SALTS

Answer 21

-coat fat droplets and increase SA for emulsification by pancreatic lipases

Question 22

WHERE DOES CHEMICAL DIGESTION OF LIPIDS BEGIN?

Answer 22

MOUTH