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Medical Termnology > Digestive System Vocab > Flashcards

Digestive System Vocab Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

Outter layer of this membrane that lines the abdominal cavity

A

Parietal peritoneum

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1
Q

The inner layer of this membrane that surrounds the organs of the abdominal cavity

A

Visceral peritoneum

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2
Q

A layer of the peritoneum that suspends parts of the intestine within the abdominal cavity

A

Mesentary

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3
Q

Situated farthest from midline or beginning of a body structure

A

Distal

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4
Q

Means situated in the back back part of an organ

A

Posterior

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5
Q

The front or belly side of the body or organ

A

Ventral

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6
Q

Protects the structures of the nervous system that coordinate the bodily functions

A

Dorsal cavity

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7
Q

Tumor neoplasm

A

Oma

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8
Q

Abnormal hardening

A

Sclerosis

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9
Q

Development formation growth

A

Plasia

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10
Q

Up apart backward excessive

A

Ana

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11
Q

No not without away from negative

A

A

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12
Q

Bad difficult painful

A

Dys

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13
Q

Means the direction toward or near the midline

A

Medial

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14
Q

Direction toward or nearer the side and away from the midline

A

Lateral

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15
Q

No division between the abdominal and pelvic cavities

A

Abdominipelvic cavity

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16
Q

Protects the heart and the lungs

A

Thoracic cavity

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17
Q

Nearest the midline or beginning of a body structure

A

Proximal

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18
Q

Toward the lower part of the body

A

Caudal

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19
Q

Ongoing presence of disease within a population group or area

A

Endemic

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20
Q

A sudden and widespread outbreak of a disease within a population group or area

A

Epidemic

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21
Q

An outbreak of a disease occurring over a large geographic area possibly worldwide

A

Pandemic

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22
Q

Vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions

A

Coronal

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23
Q

The vertical plane that divides the body from top to bottom into equal right and left halves

A

Midsagittal

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24
Q

Divides the body into superior and inferior portions

A

Transverse

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25
Q

Provides protective padding insulation and support and acts as a nutrient reserve

A

Adipose

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26
Q

In within inside

A

Endo

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27
Q

Specialized epithelial tissue that forms the epidermis of the skin and the surface layer of mucous membrane

A

Epithelium

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28
Q

A protective covering for all of the internal an external surfaces of the body

A

Epithelial

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29
Q

Tissue

A

Histo

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30
Q

Disease suffering feeling emotion

A

Patho

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31
Q

Vertical plane parallel to the midline that divides the body into unequal left and right portions

A

Sagittal

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32
Q

Study of the causes of diseases

A

Etiology

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33
Q

A protective covering for all of the internal and external surfaces of the body

A

Epithelial

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34
Q

Located above the stomach

A

Epigastric

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35
Q

Study of outbreaks of disease within a population group

A

Epidemiology

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36
Q

The entire lower region of the abdomen

A

Inguinal

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37
Q

Belly button

A

Umbilical

38
Q

A serious genetic disorder caused by genes that produced abnormal hemoglob in the red blood cells

A

Sickle cell anemia

39
Q

Does not have the disease sickle cell anemia

A

Sickle cell trait

40
Q

Cartilage

A

Chondo

41
Q

An abnormal increase in the number if normal cells in normal arrangement in tissue

A

Hyperplasia

42
Q

The incomplete development of an organ or tissue

A

Hypoplasia

43
Q

Located below the stomach

A

Hypogastric

44
Q

Study of the functions of these structures

A

Physiology

45
Q

Study of the structures of the body

A

Anatomy

46
Q

The science of the causes and effects of diseases

A

Pathology

47
Q

A congenital disorder arising from a chromosome defect causing intellectual impairment and physical abnormalities including short stature and a broad facial profile. It arises from a defect involving chromosome 21 usually an extra copy

A

Down syndrome

48
Q

The part of the abdomen in the upper zone in both sides of the epigastric region and beneath the cartilages of the lower ribs

A

Hypochondriac

49
Q

Filters blood to remove waste maintains the electrolyte and fluid balance within the body

A

Urinary system

50
Q

Abnormal accumulation of the clear or milky serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity

A

Ascites

51
Q

Lower most below o toward the feet

A

Inferior

52
Q

Urinary bladder cyst sac of fluid

A

Cysto

53
Q

Contains primarily the major organs of digestion

A

Abdominal cavity

54
Q

Cell

A

Cyto

55
Q

The direction toward or near the midline

A

Medial

56
Q

Secrete hormones do not have ducts

A

Endocrine glands

57
Q

Locate within the skull protects the brain

A

Cranial cavity

58
Q

Sex cell sperm and ovum

A

Gametes

59
Q

Uppermost above or toward the head

A

Superior

60
Q

In the nucleus 46

A

Chromosomes

61
Q

The space formed by the pelvic bones contains primarily the organs of the reproductive and excretory systems

A

Pelvic cavity

62
Q

A deviation from what is regarded as normal

A

Anomaly

63
Q

Gland

A

Adeno

64
Q

Inflammation

A

Itis

65
Q

Abnormal softening

A

Malacia

66
Q

Abnormal condition disease

A

Osis

67
Q

An inflammation of the peritoneum

A

Peritonitis

68
Q

Formative material of cells

A

Plasm

69
Q

Nucleus

A

Nucleo

70
Q

Spleen

A

Spleno

71
Q

Head

A

Cephalo

72
Q

Laparo

A

Abdomen abdominal wall

73
Q

Visual examination

A

Scopy

74
Q

Abnormal condition that exsists at the time of birth and may be caused by a developmental disorder before birth prenatal influences premature birth or injures during birth

A

Congenital disorder

75
Q

Diseases or conditions caused by a defective gene

A

Genetic disorder

76
Q

Inflammation of the liver usually caused by a virus

A

Hepatitis

77
Q

Condition characterized by frequent watery stools

A

Diarrhea

78
Q

Presence of stones in the gallbladder

A

Cholecystitis

79
Q

Chronic disease of the liver in which scar tissue replaces liver cells

A

Cirrhosis

80
Q

Dilated or varicose veins in the rectal or anal area

A

Hemorrhoids

81
Q

Inflammatory disease of the colon with formation of ulcers and abscesses

A

Ulcerative colitis

82
Q

Inflammation of mucous membrane of stomach and intestines

A

Gastroenteritis

83
Q

Stomach protrudes through the diaphragm by opening for esophagus

A

Hernia

84
Q

Break down sugar into simpler forms

A

Maltese and sucrase

85
Q

Complete the digestion of the proteins and straps in which aids in the digestion of fat

A

Peptidases

86
Q

Physically breaks down emulsifies fats

A

Bile

87
Q

Act on sugars

A

Pancreatic amylase or amylopsin

88
Q

Act on proteins

A

Trypsin

89
Q

Acts on fats

A

Lipase or steapsin

90
Q

Wavelike involuntary movement of muscles that cause the food to move in a forward direction through the digestive tract

A

Peristalsis

91
Q

Mastication

A

Teeth break down food by chewing and grinding

92
Q

Tongue functions

A

The taste bus allow a person to taste sweet, salt, sour, and bitter sensations and aids in chewing and swallowing

Medical Termnology (19 decks)

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