Digestive System Vocab Flashcards
Outter layer of this membrane that lines the abdominal cavity
Parietal peritoneum
The inner layer of this membrane that surrounds the organs of the abdominal cavity
Visceral peritoneum
A layer of the peritoneum that suspends parts of the intestine within the abdominal cavity
Mesentary
Situated farthest from midline or beginning of a body structure
Distal
Means situated in the back back part of an organ
Posterior
The front or belly side of the body or organ
Ventral
Protects the structures of the nervous system that coordinate the bodily functions
Dorsal cavity
Tumor neoplasm
Oma
Abnormal hardening
Sclerosis
Development formation growth
Plasia
Up apart backward excessive
Ana
No not without away from negative
A
Bad difficult painful
Dys
Means the direction toward or near the midline
Medial
Direction toward or nearer the side and away from the midline
Lateral
No division between the abdominal and pelvic cavities
Abdominipelvic cavity
Protects the heart and the lungs
Thoracic cavity
Nearest the midline or beginning of a body structure
Proximal
Toward the lower part of the body
Caudal
Ongoing presence of disease within a population group or area
Endemic
A sudden and widespread outbreak of a disease within a population group or area
Epidemic
An outbreak of a disease occurring over a large geographic area possibly worldwide
Pandemic
Vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions
Coronal
The vertical plane that divides the body from top to bottom into equal right and left halves
Midsagittal
Divides the body into superior and inferior portions
Transverse
Provides protective padding insulation and support and acts as a nutrient reserve
Adipose
In within inside
Endo
Specialized epithelial tissue that forms the epidermis of the skin and the surface layer of mucous membrane
Epithelium
A protective covering for all of the internal an external surfaces of the body
Epithelial
Tissue
Histo
Disease suffering feeling emotion
Patho
Vertical plane parallel to the midline that divides the body into unequal left and right portions
Sagittal
Study of the causes of diseases
Etiology
A protective covering for all of the internal and external surfaces of the body
Epithelial
Located above the stomach
Epigastric
Study of outbreaks of disease within a population group
Epidemiology
The entire lower region of the abdomen
Inguinal
Belly button
Umbilical
A serious genetic disorder caused by genes that produced abnormal hemoglob in the red blood cells
Sickle cell anemia
Does not have the disease sickle cell anemia
Sickle cell trait
Cartilage
Chondo
An abnormal increase in the number if normal cells in normal arrangement in tissue
Hyperplasia
The incomplete development of an organ or tissue
Hypoplasia
Located below the stomach
Hypogastric
Study of the functions of these structures
Physiology
Study of the structures of the body
Anatomy
The science of the causes and effects of diseases
Pathology
A congenital disorder arising from a chromosome defect causing intellectual impairment and physical abnormalities including short stature and a broad facial profile. It arises from a defect involving chromosome 21 usually an extra copy
Down syndrome
The part of the abdomen in the upper zone in both sides of the epigastric region and beneath the cartilages of the lower ribs
Hypochondriac
Filters blood to remove waste maintains the electrolyte and fluid balance within the body
Urinary system
Abnormal accumulation of the clear or milky serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity
Ascites
Lower most below o toward the feet
Inferior
Urinary bladder cyst sac of fluid
Cysto
Contains primarily the major organs of digestion
Abdominal cavity
Cell
Cyto
The direction toward or near the midline
Medial
Secrete hormones do not have ducts
Endocrine glands
Locate within the skull protects the brain
Cranial cavity
Sex cell sperm and ovum
Gametes
Uppermost above or toward the head
Superior
In the nucleus 46
Chromosomes
The space formed by the pelvic bones contains primarily the organs of the reproductive and excretory systems
Pelvic cavity
A deviation from what is regarded as normal
Anomaly
Gland
Adeno
Inflammation
Itis
Abnormal softening
Malacia
Abnormal condition disease
Osis
An inflammation of the peritoneum
Peritonitis
Formative material of cells
Plasm
Nucleus
Nucleo
Spleen
Spleno
Head
Cephalo
Laparo
Abdomen abdominal wall
Visual examination
Scopy
Abnormal condition that exsists at the time of birth and may be caused by a developmental disorder before birth prenatal influences premature birth or injures during birth
Congenital disorder
Diseases or conditions caused by a defective gene
Genetic disorder
Inflammation of the liver usually caused by a virus
Hepatitis
Condition characterized by frequent watery stools
Diarrhea
Presence of stones in the gallbladder
Cholecystitis
Chronic disease of the liver in which scar tissue replaces liver cells
Cirrhosis
Dilated or varicose veins in the rectal or anal area
Hemorrhoids
Inflammatory disease of the colon with formation of ulcers and abscesses
Ulcerative colitis
Inflammation of mucous membrane of stomach and intestines
Gastroenteritis
Stomach protrudes through the diaphragm by opening for esophagus
Hernia
Break down sugar into simpler forms
Maltese and sucrase
Complete the digestion of the proteins and straps in which aids in the digestion of fat
Peptidases
Physically breaks down emulsifies fats
Bile
Act on sugars
Pancreatic amylase or amylopsin
Act on proteins
Trypsin
Acts on fats
Lipase or steapsin
Wavelike involuntary movement of muscles that cause the food to move in a forward direction through the digestive tract
Peristalsis
Mastication
Teeth break down food by chewing and grinding
Tongue functions
The taste bus allow a person to taste sweet, salt, sour, and bitter sensations and aids in chewing and swallowing