Digestive System (Practicum 2) Flashcards
what is glucose?
a small, six-carbon sugar molecule found in starch and glycogen
what is a monosaccharide?
one individual molecule of sugar; the building blocks of carbohydrates
what is disaccharide?
a carbohydrate made up of two sugar molecules linked together
what is a maltose?
a disaccharide consisting of two glucose molecules bound together
what is a simple sugar?
monosaccharides and disaccharides
what is an oligosaccharide?
a carbohydrate made up or more than two sugar molecules linked together
what is a polysaccharide?
a carbohydrate made up of hundreds to thousands of sugar molecules linked together
what is starch?
a plant-based polysaccharide
what is glycogen?
an animal-based polysaccharide
what is a Benedict reagent?
A light blue solution that tests for many types of simple sugars, including maltose and glucose.
how do you interpret the Benedict test?
a positive result for the Benedict test occurs anytime the reagent changes from its original blue color. The reaction requires heat to take place
true or false:
lipids are hydrophobic substances that do not mix well with water
true
what is a lipid?
a macromolecule made up of dozens to hundreds of molecules of mostly carbon and hydrogen
what is cholesterol?
a lipid structure containing over 20 carbon atoms configured into four rings
what is a phospholipid?
a lipid made up of a three-carbon glycerol molecule with a phosphate group and two fatty acids attached