Digestive System - Parts Of Digestive System

Question 1

Describe chemical digestion in the MOUTH

Answer 1

Salivary glands release saliva to lubricant the food and salivary amylase to break down carbohydrates into maltose

Question 2

Describe physical digestion in the MOUTH

Answer 2

Grinding, chewing and crushing food into smaller pieces

Question 3

What is the function of the tounge

Answer 3

Pushes food back into the pharynx

Question 4

What is the function of the epiglottis

Answer 4

A flap preventing bolts from entering the trachea

Question 5

What is the sphincter called from the trechea to the esophagus

Answer 5

Upper esophageal sphincter

Question 6

What is peristalsis

Answer 6

The contracting of cardiac and longitudinal muscles

Question 7

What type of muscles does the esphagus use

Answer 7

Cardiac and longitudinal for peristalsis to push down bolus

Question 8

What is the function of the cardiac sphincter

Answer 8

To control movement of bolus to stomach and prevent chime and acid to lead into esphoagus

Question 9

What muscles does the stomach use

Answer 9

circular, longitudinal, oblique and they churn the bolus

Question 10

How does the bolus turn to chyme

Answer 10

Bolus mixes with gastric juices and water

Question 11

What is gastric juice

Answer 11

Made of HCl, pepsin, and mucous layer

Question 12

What is the function of HCl

Answer 12

Activates enzymes and kills germs

Question 13

What is the function of pepsin and the other name

Answer 13

Other name is protease enzyme
Breaks down protein to amino acids/ polypeptides

Question 14

What is the function of mucous in the gastric juices

Answer 14

Protects the lining of stomach from pepsin and HCl

Question 15

What is the sphincter from stomach to small intestine

Answer 15

Pyloric sphincter

Question 16

What is gastrin

Answer 16

Gastrin is a hormone that regales gastrin juices into the stomach

Question 17

What is rugea

Answer 17

Ribbed lining of the stomach and it expands in when food comes in

Question 18

What are the parts of the small intestine

Answer 18

Duodenum, jejunum, ileum (DJ Ileum)

Question 19

What is secretin

Answer 19

Is a hormone that realses bicarbonate that changes to the acidic pH level from the stomach to a basic pH level in the duodenum

Question 20

Describe the chemical digestion of carbohydrates in the SMALL INTESTINE

Answer 20

Starting in the duodenum, Starch will break down by pancreatic amazyle such as carbohydrase into maltose
Next the jejunum will break down disaccrides (maltose, sucrose and lactose) into monosaccrides

Question 21

What are the enzymes and and products made from sucrose

Answer 21

Enzyme - sucrase
Products - glucose and fructose

Question 22

What are the enzymes and products for lactose

Answer 22

Enzyme - lactase
Products - glucose and galactose

Question 23

What are the enzymes and products for maltose

Answer 23

Enzyme - maltase
Products - glucose and glucose

Question 24

Where does the break down of maltose, lactose, and sucrose happen

Answer 24

Small intestine- jejunum

Question 25

What are the enzymes used to digest proteins in the duodenum

Answer 25

Carboxypeptidase, trypsin, chymotrypsin

Question 26

What is the process of breaking down proteins in the duodenum

Answer 26

Polypeptides are broken down by pancreatic enzymes such as trypsin chymotrypsin and Carboxytryspin into simpler peptides

Question 27

How are proteins broken down in the jejunem

Answer 27

Simpler peptides break down by amniopeptidase into trypeptides Trypeptides break by by trypeptidase into dipepdites and an amnio acids Dipeptides break down by dipeptidase into 2 amino acids

Question 28

Describe the digestion of lipids in the small intestine

Answer 28

Large fats are emulsified by bile salts and bile stored in the gal bladder (made from the liver) into smaller fats The smaller fats (triglerides) are now broken down by the enzyme lipase into 3 fatty acids and a glycerol

Question 29

Where is bile made from

Answer 29

Bile is made from the liver but stored in the gal bladder

Question 30

Describe the digestion of nucleic acids in the small intestine

Answer 30

The panceras will realse enzymes into the duodenum The enzyme riboneclease will break down RNA into ribnucleotides The enzyme deoxyriboneclease will break down DNA into deoxyriboncletides

Question 31

What are villi

Answer 31

Villi lines the small intestine and is responsible for the absorption of nutrients to the circulatory system Vili are lined will micro villi to double the absorption

Question 32

What is the name of the sphincter in starting in the large intestine

Answer 32

Ileocael Valve

Question 33

What does the large intestine start with

Answer 33

The cecum- starts the absorption of water and electrolytes

Question 34

Describe the colon and its functions

Answer 34

The colon has 4 parts, ascending, transverse, descending and sigmoid Absorbs the water, vitiams and minerals Baceria such as E.Coli will help produce B12 and K vitamins

Question 35

In the whole digestive system where does peristalsis occur

Answer 35

Esophagus, small intestine, and large intestine

Question 36

What happens to chyme in the large intestine

Answer 36

The chyme turns into feces Feces makes up cellouse, water and dead bacteria

Question 37

What are the spicnters called in the large intestine

Answer 37

The internal and external anal sphincters

Question 38

What is the sphicter called in the small intestine called

Answer 38

Pyloric spincter